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Basic Principles

Basic principles of environmental science

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Tehmi Bashir
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79 views

Basic Principles

Basic principles of environmental science

Uploaded by

Tehmi Bashir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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•Title: Convergence of Ecology, Economics, and Sociology in Environmental Science

•Subtitle: Examining its Nature, History, Scope, and Societal Contributions

Dr. Tehmina Bashir


GIES-201
Introduction to Environmental Science
Introduction to Environmental
Science
Definition: Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field focused on the
relationship between humans and the natural environment. Aims to create
sustainable practices that protect ecosystems and human health.
This field integrates principles from ecology (the study of living organisms
and ecosystems), economics (resource allocation and management), and
sociology (human behavior and cultural impacts)​.
Core Areas: By merging these disciplines, environmental science seeks
holistic solutions to complex environmental challenges, such as climate
change, pollution, and resource depletion. The field’s interdisciplinary nature
enables it to provide scientific, economic, and social insights necessary for
environmental preservation and human well-being.
Historical Background
Origins in Ecology: Environmental science has roots in ecology, focusing initially on
understanding ecosystems and biodiversity. In the early 20th century, ecologists
observed the impacts of industrialization on natural systems, which spurred interest in
conservation​.
Expansion into Economics: By the 1960s and 70s, as resource scarcity and pollution
became evident, economic principles were introduced to study resource use and address
sustainable development. Concepts like environmental valuation and cost-benefit
analysis helped frame environmental concerns within economic terms​
Role of Sociology: Sociology brought insights into the human dimensions of
environmental issues, addressing how social structures, public attitudes, and cultural
practices influence environmental policy and behavior. Environmental justice emerged as
a critical area within environmental science, linking social equity with ecological well-
being.
Evolution: Over time, environmental science gained recognition as a formal discipline.
The integration of these diverse fields allowed it to address global challenges
comprehensively, becoming an essential field for policymaking and sustainable
development.
Nature of Environmental Science

Multidisciplinary Approach: Environmental science bridges the gap


between natural sciences, which study physical and biological
phenomena, and social sciences, which focus on human behavior and
societal impact​.
Problem-Solving Focus: This field is inherently solution-oriented,
dealing with practical issues ranging from pollution control and natural
resource management to public health and climate resilience. By
incorporating scientific methods and social insights, it provides
actionable strategies for environmental conservation
Dynamic and Evolving: Environmental science constantly adapts to
emerging issues, such as global warming and plastic pollution. Its
adaptive nature ensures it remains relevant in addressing both
immediate and long-term ecological and societal needs
Scope of Environmental Science

Physical & Chemical Aspects: Involves studies on pollutants, toxicology, and chemical
cycles like carbon and nitrogen, focusing on how these elements interact with the
environment and impact health.
Biological Aspects: Examines biodiversity, species conservation, and ecosystem
health, which are crucial for maintaining ecological balance and resilience.
Socio-Economic Aspects: Includes the economic impact of environmental policies,
cost-benefit analyses, and studies on resource management, providing a balanced
approach to growth and conservation.
Philosophical & Ethical Aspects: Considers the moral implications of environmental
decisions, discussing humanity’s responsibility to protect the environment for future
generations. This often includes debates on environmental ethics, stewardship, and
the rights of natural entities.
Contributions to Society

Environmental Protection: Through research and policies, environmental science


contributes to reducing pollution, conserving natural resources, and managing waste.
Regulations on air and water quality are examples of how it protects public health.
Public Health: Identifies environmental factors affecting health, such as air pollution
leading to respiratory issues or water contamination causing diseases. Environmental
scientists advocate for safer, cleaner living conditions.
Sustainable Development: By promoting responsible resource use and renewable
energy, environmental science aligns economic goals with ecological integrity, ensuring
that current needs are met without compromising future resources.
Community Engagement: It fosters awareness and action through community
education programs and advocacy, encouraging individuals to adopt sustainable
practices, such as reducing waste and conserving energy, which benefit the
environment and society.

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