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Interference From Thin Films

Physics presentation

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11 views13 pages

Interference From Thin Films

Physics presentation

Uploaded by

malikhassan5156
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interference from

Thin Films
Welcome! We'll explore the fascinating
world of interference as it manifests in
thin films, including soap bubbles, oil
slicks, and other everyday phenomena.

Group 3
Fawad Baloch
Arslan Shah
Muhammad Adnan
Fasih Abbas
Ali hasnain
Submitted to:
Sir M.Awias
Introduction to Interference
Wave Interaction Thin Films
Interference happens when two or Thin films, like soap bubbles,
more waves interact, causing create interference patterns due
them to either reinforce or cancel to light waves reflecting off their
each other out. surfaces.
Constructive Interference
1 Waves In Phase 2 Amplified Wave
When two waves This creates a
are in phase, their brighter or louder
crests and troughs signal, known as
align, resulting in constructive
a combined wave interference.
with a larger
amplitude.
Destructive Interference
1 Waves Out of Phase
When two waves are out of phase, their
crests align with troughs, resulting in a
smaller amplitude wave.
2 Reduced Signal
This creates a dimmer or quieter
signal, known as destructive
interference.
Path Difference and Interference
Path Difference Interference Pattern
The difference in distance traveled by The path difference creates a pattern of
two waves determines whether they bright and dark bands, visible in thin
interfere constructively or destructively. films.
Conditions for
Constructive and
Destructive Interference
Constructive: Destructive:
Constructive Destructive
interference occurs interference
when the path occurs when the
difference is a whole path difference is
number of a half-integer
wavelengths. number of
wavelengths.
Mathematical
Framework Constructive Interference:
2nd=mλ2nd = m\lambda2nd=mλ

Destructive Interference:
2nd=(m+1/2)λ
Where:
n: refractive index of the film
d: thickness of the film
λ: wavelength of light
m: integer representing the interference order
Explanation:
Thin films enhance or suppress specific wavelengths, leading to colors.
Factors Influencing
Interference
Thickness (d):
Determines path difference.
Wavelength (λ \ lambdaλ):
Different wavelengths interfere differently, producing color
patterns.
Refractive Index (n):
Affects the speed of light within the film.
Angle of Incidence:
Changes effective path length.
Bragg's Law and Interference
X-ray Diffraction
Bragg's Law describes the diffraction of X-rays by a
1
crystal lattice, creating interference patterns.

Interference
2 Constructive interference occurs when the
path difference between the reflected X-rays
is a multiple of the wavelength.
Crystal Structure
3 Bragg's Law helps determine the
spacing between crystal planes.
Practical Applications of
Interference in Thin Films
Anti-reflective Coatings
Thin films on lenses reduce reflections, improving light transmission and
image clarity.

Optical Data Storage


Interference patterns on CDs and DVDs store information in
the form of tiny pits and lands.

Iridescent Coatings
Thin films on car paint create iridescent colors that shift
depending on the viewing angle.
Measuring Thickness
using Interference

1 Interference Fringes
The spacing between interference
fringes is related to the thickness of
the thin film.

2 Measuring Thickness
By measuring the spacing of the
fringes, scientists can determine the
thickness of the film.

3 Applications
This technique is used in various fields,
from material science to optical
engineering.
Conclusion and Key
Takeaways
Understanding interference in thin films has opened up a
world of possibilities, from designing better lenses to
storing more data. The phenomena we've explored have
profound implications across various scientific and
technological fields.
Any
Question?

Thank You

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