Solving Problems Involving

Circular Functions and

Their Graphs
In a Ferris wheel, your
height ranges from a
minimum to a
maximum height. The
displaced height can
be modeled by an
equation of simple
harmonic motion,
represented by the
graphs of sine and
cosine functions.
2
How can we represent the
displacement of an object
moving in simple harmonic
motion?

3
 Simple Harmonic Motion

The circular motion refers to the motion of an object

long a circular path. It is one of the repetitive or
periodic motions.

4
 Simple Harmonic Motion

Examples of this is when you ride a Ferris wheel or a

Merry-go-round.

5
 Simple Harmonic Motion

Another example of
circular motion is the
Earth’s rotation. Because
of the Earth’s circular
motion, people were able
to tell time using a
sundial.

6
 Simple Harmonic Motion

These circular motions are examples of simple

harmonic motions that can be modeled by the graphs
of either sine or cosine functions.

7
 Simple Harmonic Motion

When an object is
suspended on a spring
and pushed down from its
resting position, the
weight goes up and down
in simple harmonic
motion.

8
 Simple Harmonic Motion

The resting position of the

spring when the weight is
suspended is called its
equilibrium. This position
corresponds to the
midline of the graph of
sine and cosine functions.

9
 Equations of Simple Harmonic
Motion
The equation of simple harmonic motions, in terms of
the displacement at time of an object, is represented
by any of the following equations.

10
 Equations of Simple Harmonic
Motion
Amplitud
e
The amplitude is , where is the
Period maximum displacement above
the equilibrium, and is the
Frequenc minimum displacement below the
y equilibrium.

Shifting
11
 Equations of Simple Harmonic
Motion
Amplitud
e

Period
The period is the time required
to complete one cycle.
Frequenc
y

Shifting
12
 Equations of Simple Harmonic
Motion
Amplitud
e

Period
The frequency is the number of
cycles per unit of time.
Frequenc
y

Shifting
13
 Equations of Simple Harmonic
Motion
Amplitud
e

Period
The horizontal shift is , while the
vertical shift is .
Frequenc
y

Shifting
14
We use if the initial position at is at
the equilibrium , and if the initial
position is at either the highest or
lowest position.

15
We use a positive sine function if
the next position after the midline is
at the maximum, and negative
sine if minimum.

16
We use a positive cosine function if
the initial position is at the
maximum, and negative cosine if
minimum.

17
The following equations have the
same graphs for any integer .

18
What is the least positive
value of if the graphs of
and are the same?

19
The displacement of an object moving in
simple harmonic motion is modeled by the
equation , where is in seconds. How
long does it take the object to reach its
minimum displacement for the first time?

20
The displacement of an object moving in
simple harmonic motion is modeled by the
equation , where is in seconds. How
long does it take the object to reach its
minimum displacement for the first time?

four seconds

21
The displacement of an object
moving in simple harmonic motion
is modeled by the equation , where
is in seconds. How long does it
take the object to reach its
maximum displacement for the
second time?

22
The height of a pendulum moving in simple
harmonic motion is modeled by the equation ,
where is in seconds. Determine using the
least positive value of if it has the same
graph as
.

23
The height of a pendulum moving in simple
harmonic motion is modeled by the equation ,
where is in seconds. Determine using the
least positive value of if it has the same
graph as
.

𝝅
𝒚 =𝟐 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐
(𝒕 −𝟑 )

24
A particle moving in simple
harmonic motion is modeled by the
equation , where is in
seconds. Determine using the
least positive value of if it has the
same graph as .

25
When an object is suspended from a spring, it
moves up and down in simple harmonic
motion. Initially, the object is pulled down 10
centimeters below its resting position, then
released. If it takes 10 seconds to reach its
maximum displacement for the second time,
what is the equation of the motion?

26
When an object is suspended from a spring, it
moves up and down in simple harmonic
motion. Initially, the object is pulled down 10
centimeters below its resting position, then
released. If it takes 10 seconds to reach its
maximum displacement for the second time,
what is the equation of the motion?
𝟑 𝝅 𝒕
𝒚 =− 𝟏𝟎 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟏𝟎
27
An object is suspended from a
spring. When it is 4 cm below its
resting position and then released,
it moves up and down in simple
harmonic motion. If it takes 4
seconds to reach its maximum
displacement for the first time,
what is the equation of the motion?
28
The water level in a certain shore is measured
from a seawall, which is normally 6 meters in
height. It rises to 9 meters during high tide at
midnight and drops to 3 meters during low
tide at 8:00 a.m. Assuming that this happens
regularly every eight hours, what is the water
level on the seawall at 6:00 a.m.?

29
The water level in a certain shore is measured
from a seawall, which is normally 6 meters in
height. It rises to 9 meters during high tide at
midnight and drops to 3 meters during low
tide at 8:00 a.m. Assuming that this happens
regularly every eight hours, what is the water
level on the seawall at 6:00 a.m.?

3 . 88 feet
30
The water level in a certain shore
is measured from a seawall, which
is normally 6 meters in height. It
rises to 10 meters during high tide
at 1:00 a.m. and drops to 2 meters
during low tide at 6:00 a.m.
Assuming that this happens
regularly every five hours, what is
the water level on the seawall at
9:00 p.m.? 31
A Ferris wheel with a diameter of 100 feet is
10 feet above the ground and rotating at a
constant speed. Consider a cabin that is 60
feet above the ground. The Ferris wheel takes
20 seconds to bring the cabin to the other side
for the first time, after reaching its maximum
height. What is the approximate height of the
cabin after riding for 3.25 minutes?

32
A Ferris wheel with a diameter of 100 feet is
10 feet above the ground and rotating at a
constant speed. Consider a cabin that is 60
feet above the ground. The Ferris wheel takes
20 seconds to bring the cabin to the other side
for the first time, after reaching its maximum
height. What is the approximate height of the

24 . 64 feet
cabin after riding for 3.25 minutes?

33
A huge Ferris wheel with a
diameter of 500 feet is constantly
rotating and completes one
rotation every 20 minutes. If a
rider boards from a platform that is
8 feet above the ground, how far is
he from the ground after 3
minutes?
34
A particle moving at a constant speed traces a
circle, which follows the equation . It starts at
the point , moves clockwise, and passes
through for the second time after four
seconds. What is the location of the point
after 10 seconds?

35
A particle moving at a constant speed traces a
circle, which follows the equation . It starts at
the point , moves clockwise, and passes
through for the second time after four
seconds. What is the location of the point
after 10 seconds?

(𝟎 . 𝟔𝟒 , − 𝟖 . 𝟑𝟔)
36
A particle moving at a constant
speed traces a circle, which follows
the equation . It starts at the
point , moves counterclockwise,
and passes through for the first
time in two seconds. What is the
location of the point after 11
seconds?
37
Find the equation of simple harmonic motion
(without vertical and horizontal shifts) of an
object that has the given properties.
1. The object starts at the equilibrium and moves at
the highest point of 6 feet in 5 seconds.
2. The object starts at the lowest point of 4
centimeters and moves at the highest point in 8
seconds.
3. The object starts at the equilibrium and moves at
the lowest point of 12 meters in 1 minute. 38
Analyze the given problem and answer the
questions that follow.
1. A point rotates at a constant speed and forms a
circle with a radius of 4 units and center at the
origin. It starts at , moves clockwise, and goes back
to this position for the second time in 18 seconds.
a. What is the -coordinate of the point in
seconds?
b. What is the location of the point after 5
seconds? 39
Analyze the given problem and answer the
questions that follow.
2. Joy is riding a Ferris wheel that is four meters
above the ground at its lowest point. Its highest
point is 84 meters, and it takes 30 minutes to
complete four cycles at a constant speed.
a. What is Joy’s height after minutes?
b. What is Joy’s height after 21 minutes?

40
Analyze the given problem and answer the
questions that follow.
3. In a certain seaside, there is a low tide of 2 meters
at 2:00 a.m. and a high tide of 12 meters at 6:00
a.m. Assume that the height of the tide is a
periodic function.
a. What is the height of the tide hours after 2:00
a.m.?
b. What is the height of the tide at 3:25 a.m.?
41
● Simple harmonic motions are periodic or
repetitive motions that can be represented by
either sine or cosine function.

42
● The equation of simple harmonic motion in
terms of at time is represented by either
or , where is the amplitude, is the period,
and and are the horizontal and vertical
shifts, respectively.

43