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2 Nonarguments Rev

Nonarguments

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hamzealkhatib
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4 views30 pages

2 Nonarguments Rev

Nonarguments

Uploaded by

hamzealkhatib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Use and mention

Logic is part of philosophy Use


Logic is a word
“Logic” is a word Mention

There’s glory for you.


--what do you mean by “glory”?
Arguments and non-arguments
1. Warning or Advice
2. Statement of Opinion or Belief
3. Report
4. Illustration
5. Explanation
6. Explication
7. Conditional
You better not come to class late.

You really ought to do your homework

Warnings tend to be prohibitive in their aim.

Advice seems to be constructive, recommending.

The difference is not absolute, but can usually be made.


Opinions have to do with how one
feels about something –subjective.
A belief is what one thinks is true
about something or other.
Ice cream is better than cake

Trees are plants


The difference is not absolute, but can
usually be made
illustration
 Possible to interpret them as arguments
 Ex: Heidegger’s really difficult to
understand; my friend’s a good student,
and he just got frustrated trying to read
Being and Time.
his giving a reason to believe Heidegger is difficult,
is it giving an example of what it means to claim he’s difficu
Explanation vs
Explication
 Two senses of “explain”
 --to tell why something is or happens as it
does
 --to make the meaning of something
clear
The ontological argument is called that because it is about Being
Don’t miss class on a day we have a quiz.
Studying logic is fun.
Studying logic is like studying
a foreign language in some
ways.
A statement is the meaning of a
declarative sentence.
An argument is a series of statements.
Being a series, it contains at least two.
A statement is a sentence that can be
either true or false. The statement that
claims to follow from the others is the
conclusion; the others are the
premisses.
Every argument has a conclusion and
at least one premise. For instance:
Socrates is a man, therefore he is mortal.
The biggest reason people who
don’t do well in Logic don’t do well
is that they don’t keep up with the
homework.
If you come to class and I’m not here,
you’ll expect an explanation and an
apology. Likewise, if I come to class
and you aren’t here, I’ll expect an
explanation and apology.
If you arrive late, you should come
in anyway.
But don’t arrive late!
You should really get your taxes in on
time this year.
It’s great that DC got a baseball team,
but they aren’t very good.
Going to minor league baseball is great
because it’s closer than DC, it’s
cheaper, and the players are almost
as good
Minor league players make less than
major league players because they
are in the minors.
We should buy Giant brand because
it’s cheaper than Thomas’.
If there were gas in the car, it would
start. But it won’t, so there mustn’t be.
Joe’s absent because he broke his leg
last night.
They may as well abolish Labor
Day. You’re supposed to get the
day off on national holidays.
It’s really humid today.
It’s really unpleasant today.
If there’s gas in the tank, the car will
run.

If the car runs, there is gas in the


tank.
Antecendent: the “if” clause

Consequent: the “then” clause


The antecedent expresses a sufficient
condition.

The consequent expresses a


necessary condition.

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