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Mathematics Chapter 1 Form 2

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175 views41 pages

Mathematics Chapter 1 Form 2

Uploaded by

g-32512938
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1:

Patterns and
Sequences
Mathematics Form 2
What
patterns do
you see?
What
patterns do
you see?
1.1 Patterns
What patterns
do you see?

Ans: The
patterns
seen are
repetitions
Patterns are list of numbers or
objects arranged based on a
rule or design.
Example 1: Draw the next object. State its pattern.
Solution:
Solution:

Pattern: Add two dots to the previous object.


• Examples of number
patterns include even
numbers, odd
numbers, Fibonacci
numbers, as well as
number patterns in
diagrams like
Pascal’s Triangle.

Pascal’s
Triangle
+2 +2 +2 +2 Pattern: Add 2 to
the previous
16 20 number.

-2 -2 -2 -2 -2 Pattern: Subtract
Example 2: Determine the pattern for the following.
2 to the previous
29 23
(a) Even numbers

12, 14, ___, 18, ___


number.
(b) Odd numbers
x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 Pattern: Multiply
2 to the previous
number.

÷𝟒 ÷𝟒 Pattern: Divide 4
Example 2: Determine the pattern for the following (cont.)
(c) 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, …
to the previous
2, 4, 8,16, 32, 64, …
number.
(d) 256, 64, 16, …
13 21

Example 3: Complete the following patterns.


(a) Fibonacci numbers

2, 3, 5, 8, ___, ___
9 36
(b) Perfect squares
13 21

Example 3: Complete the following patterns.


(a) Fibonacci numbers

2, 3, 5, 8, ___, ___
9 36
(b) Perfect squares
Pascal’s
Triangle
Example 4:
Complete
the
following
patterns.
Fibonacci Sequence
Real-life examples of the
The Fibonac Fibonacci sequence include:
ci sequence • Petal arrangements in flow
is often used ers
to describe • Honeycomb construction b
y bees
growth an • Growth and division of tre
d division e branches
patterns in • Shell structure
Answer:
Answer:
1.2 Sequences
• A sequence is a string of numbers or
objects that follow a particular
pattern. Each element of a sequence is
called a term of the sequence.
+4+4 +4 +4 +4
Pattern: Add 4. So
the set of numbers is
a sequence.
+2 -1 +2 +3
Pattern: None. So
Example 1: Determine whether each set of numbers is a sequence.

(a) 4, 8,12,16, 20,24 the set of


(b) 4, 6, 5, 7, 10
numbers is not a
2 3
1 5
5 3
0 2
3.2
Example 2: Complete the number sequences below.

(a) 7, 14, ,28, ,42, …


9 8 7 7 6
0 4 8 2 6

4 13 40
5
5 5 5
80 32 6. 1.2
0 4 8

6 -3 -12 -21
1.3 Patterns and Sequences
Example 1: Describe the pattern for the sequence
1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36,… by using words, numbers
and algebraic expressions.
Solution:
1, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36,…
a) Words
Pattern: Add 7 to the previous number.
(b) Numbers
Pattern: The pattern is + 7
(c) Algebraic Expressions
1 = 1 + 7 (0)
8 = 1 + 7 (1)
1, 8, 15, 22, 29,
15= 1 + 7 (2)
36,…
22 = 1 + 7 (3)
29 = 1 + 7 (4)
36 = 1 + 7 (5)
=1+7

The pattern is 1 + 7, = 0, 1,
1.3 Patterns and Sequences
Example 2: State the pattern of the number
sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, … using words, numbers and
algebraic expressions.
Solution:
3, 6, 9, 12, …
(a) Pattern:
Words Add 3 to the previous
number.
(b) Numbers
Pattern: The pattern is + 3
(c) Algebraic Expressions
3 = 3 + 3 (0)
6 = 3 + 3 (1) 3, 6, 9, 12, …
9= 3 + 3 (2)
12 = 3 + 3 (3)
=3+3

The pattern is 3 + 3, = 0, 1, 2,
3, …
Example 3
Example 4
Example 5:
Calculate the ninth term for the number
sequences below.

(a) -9, -18, -27, -36, …

Use algebraic expressions. Ninth term 9-1


-9 = -9 - 9 (0) =
-18 = -9 - 9 (1) =
-27= -9 - 9 (2) =
-36 = -9 - 9 (3)
= -9 - 9
Example 6:
Calculate the fifteenth term for the number
sequences below.

(a) 65, 60, 55, 50, …

Use algebraic expressions.


Fifteenth term
65 = 65 - 5 (0) = 15-1
60 = 65 - 5 (1) =
55 = 65 - 5 (2) =
50 = 65 - 5 (3)
= 65 - 5 , n=0,1,2,…
Example 6:
The first four terms of a sequence is 20, ,
6, -1, …

(a)Calculate the value of

(b) State the sequence pattern using


(i) number: The pattern is
(ii)Words: Subtract 7 from the previous number
(iii)Algebraic expressions: 20 – 7
Patterns and Sequences in Real
Life

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