Database

What you learn ?

Database
 What is Database  Purpose of Database
 What is a Database Model  Types of database models
 Relational Database
 Things you do with RDBMS
Terminology
 Introduction to SQL Getting Started with MySQL
What is Database
• A database is a storing system that collects organized data, to
make some works easier like searching, structure, and extend.
• In web development, most databases use the relational
database management system (RDBMS) to organize data and
programming in SQL. Some databases, however, don't follow
the former mechanism to organized data, which called NoSQL.
• Some famous server-side RDBMS
are MySQL(or MariaDB which is a fork of it), SQL Server,
PostgreSQL,and Oracle Database.
• On the other hand, some famous NoSQL examples
are MongoDB, Cassandra, Firebase and Redis.
Database
• Databases are structured to facilitate the storage,
retrieval, modification, and deletion of data in
conjunction with various data-processing
operations.
• Businesses can use databases in various ways. It
helps them to arrange information about their
customers and clients. Also, it can include
information about product inventory.
• It helps to monitor sales, expenses, and other
financial information.
Model
• A database model shows the logical structure of a
database, including the relationships and constraints
that determine how data can be stored and accessed.
• Individual database models are designed based on the
rules and concepts of whichever broader data model the
designers adopt.
models
There are many kinds of data models. Some of the most
common ones include:

 Hierarchical database model

 Relational model
 Network model
 Object-oriented database model
 No-SQL database model
models
 Hierarchical database model
The hierarchical model organizes data into a tree-like
structure, where each record has a single parent or root.
models
 Relational database model
The relational model sorts data into tables, also known as
relations, each of which consists of columns and rows.
models
 Network database model
It builds on the hierarchical model by allowing many-to-many
relationships between linked records, implying multiple parent
records. Based on mathematical set theory.
models
 Object-oriented database model
This model defines a database as a collection of objects, or
reusable software elements, with associated features and methods.
models
 NoSQL database model

In addition to the object database model, other non-SQL models

have emerged in contrast to the relational model:

The graph database model, which is even more flexible than a

network model, allowing any node to connect with any other.

The multivalue model, which breaks from the relational model by

allowing attributes to contain a list of data rather than a single data
point.

The document model, which is designed for storing and

managing documents or semi-structured data, rather than atomic
data.
RDBMS
Terminology
 Database
A database is a named collection of tables. (see table). A database
can also contain views, indexes, sequences, data types, operators, and
functions.

 Command
A command is a string that you send to the server in hopes of having
the server do something useful. Some people use the word statement to
mean command.

 Query
A query is a type of command that retrieves data from the server.

 Normalization
Is the process of organizing data into a related table, it also
Terminology
 Column (field, attribute)
A column is the smallest unit of storage in a relational database. A
column represents one piece of information about an object. Every column
has a name and a data type. Columns are grouped into rows, and rows are
grouped into tables.

 Row (record, tuple)

A row is a collection of column values. Every row in a table has the
same shape (in other words, every row is composed of the same set of
columns). If you are trying to model a real-world application, a row
represents a real-world object. For example, if you are running an auto
dealership, you might have a vehicles table. Each row in the vehicles table
represents a car (or truck, or motorcycle, and so on). The kinds of
information that you store are the same for all vehicles (that is, every car
has a color, a vehicle ID, an engine, and so on).
Terminology
 Client
A client is an application that makes requests of the Database
server.
Client applications provide a user interface and can be written in many
languages.
Eg. MySQL Workbench,PhpMyAdmin

 Server
The MySQL,Oracle,PostgreSQL database server is a program that
services commands coming from client applications.
The Database server has no user interface?you can't talk to the server
directly, you must use a client application.
Terminology
 foreign key
A foreign key is a column or a set of columns in a table whose
values correspond to the values of the primary key in another table.

 primary key
A primary key is a column or a group of columns in a table that
uniquely identifies the rows in that table.

 Views
Views are virtual tables. They are only a structure, and contain no
data. Their purpose is to allow a user to see a subset of the actual data. A
view can consist of a subset of one table
Introduction to SQL Getting Started with
MySQL

SQL is the most common language for extracting and organising data
that is stored in a relational database,SQL is the language of databases. It
facilitates retrieving specific information from databases that are further
used for analysis.
There are different versions and frameworks for SQL, the most
commonly used is MySQL. MySQL is an open-source solution that helps
facilitate SQL’s role in managing back-end data for web applications.
Companies such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, etc. all use SQL for
back-end data storage and data processing solutions.
When an SQL query is written & run (or parsed), it is processed by a
query optimiser. The query reaches SQL server, where it compiles in three
phases; Parsing, Binding and Optimisation.
Parsing – A process to check the syntax
Binding – A process to check the query semantics
Optimisation – A process to generate the query execution plan
Introduction to SQL Getting Started with
MySQL

SQL Used for?

Now that we understand what is SQL and how does it work, let’s try to
see what SQL can do.
This programming language has various uses for data analysts & data
science professionals. It is particularly helpful because it can:

 Execute queries against a database

 Retrieve data from a database
 Insert records into a database
 Update records in a database
 Delete records from a database
 Create new databases, or new tables in a database
 Create stored procedures & views in a database
 Set permissions on tables, procedures, and views
Overview
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/what-is-mysql.html

 What is MySQL?
MySQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database
management system, is developed, distributed, and supported by
Oracle Corporation.

 MySQL is a database management system.

 MySQL databases are relational.
 MySQL software is Open Source.
 The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy
to use
 MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/features.html
server

 How to Get MySQL

Check downloads page at https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ for
information about the current version of MySQL and for downloading
instructions.
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/installation-
layouts.html
 Installation Requirements
MySQL Installer requires Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 or
later. If this version is not installed on the host computer, you can
download it by visiting the Microsoft website.
server
 MySQL Installer Process

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-installer-setup.html
Overview
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/what-is-mysql.html

 What is MySQL?
MySQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database
management system, is developed, distributed, and supported by
Oracle Corporation.

 MySQL is a database management system.

 MySQL databases are relational.
 MySQL software is Open Source.
 The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy
to use
 MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.
Overview
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/what-is-mysql.html

 What is MySQL?
MySQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database
management system, is developed, distributed, and supported by
Oracle Corporation.

 MySQL is a database management system.

 MySQL databases are relational.
 MySQL software is Open Source.
 The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy
to use
 MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.
MySQL client
https://www.mysql.com/products/workbench/

 MySQL Workbench
MySQL Workbench is a unified visual tool for database architects,
developers, and DBAs. MySQL Workbench provides data modeling,
SQL development, and comprehensive administration tools for server
configuration, user administration, backup, and much more. MySQL
Workbench is available on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X.

 PhpMyAdmin
phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended to
handle the administration of MySQL over the Web.
phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations on MySQL and
MariaDB
https://www.phpmyadmin.net/
Thanks
Instructor: Anirudha Anil Gaikwad
https://github.com/anirudhagaikwad