5V AC to DC Power Supply

5V AC to DC power
supply
Presentation of the project
In the Name of ALLAH The Most MERCIFUL
And The Most BENIFICENT.!
1
ST
SEMESTER PROJECT
PRESENTATION
APPLIED PHYSICS
INTRODUCTION TO 5V POWER
SUPPLY
• 5V POWER SUPPLIES ARE ONE OF THE MOST COMMON POWER

SUPPLIES IN USE TODAY. IN GENERAL A 5V DC OUTPUT IS OBTAINED
FROM A 50V AC OR 250V AC INPUT USING A COMBINATION OF
TRANSFORMERS, DIODES, AND TRANSISTORS. 5V POWER SUPPLIES
CAN BE OF TWO TYPES 5V REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES AND 5V
UNREGULATED POWER SUPPLIES. OUR PROJECT IS BASICALLY
RELATED TO REGULATED POWER SUPPLY. REGULATED POWER
SUPPLIES COME IN THREE DIFFERENT FORMS ,REGULATED AC TO
DC , LINEAR REGULATED AC TO DC AND ,REGULATED DC TO DC .
OUR PROJECT IS RELATED TO THE FIEST TYPE REGULATED AC TO
DC WHICH IS CLEAR BY ITS NAME THAT IT REGULATES THE
CURRENT AND CURRENT FLOW IS WITHOUT ANY INTERRUPTION.
FUNCTION OF A 5V POWER SUPPLY
• A 5V OUTPUT IS MOST COMMONLY USED WHEN THE END

APPLICATION NEEDS POWERING VIA A USB CONNECTOR,
FOR EXAMPLE A MINI/MICRO B OR TYPE-C PLUG.OR , IF
SPACE IS AT A PREMIUM, THE DC CABLE AND USB PLUG
CAN BE REMOVED ALTOGETHER AND REPLACED WITH A
FEMALE SOCKET ON THE CASE LIKE ON PHONE CHARGERS.
• TYPICALLY FOR 5V PSU DESIGNS WITH USB CONNECTORS
THE PSU OUTPUT WOULD BE 5V 1.0A(5W) OR 5V 3.0A(15W)
TO FOLLOW USB STANDARDS.
NOW WE WILL DISCUSS
THE CONSTRUCTION OF
OUR
PROJECT
APPARATUS USED
• DIODE BRIDGE D3S

• TRANSFORMER 250VAC TO 13VAC
• CAPACITOR 10 MICRO FARAD
• CAPACITOR 680 MICRO FARAD
• 7805 5V FIXED VOLTAGE REGULATOR
• HEAT SINK FOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR
• BREADBOARD
• WIRE
• MALE TO MALE JUMPER WIRES
WORKING OF APPARATUS
• WE USED A DIODE BRIDGE WHOSE MAIN FUNCTION IS TO CONVERT AC TO DC . REASON FOR THE
COVERSION OF AC INTO DC IS THAT MOST OF OUR CIRCUITS WORK WITH DIRECT CURRENT.
• WE USED A STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER WHICH IS ALREADY ILLUSTRATED THROUGH ITS NAME
THAT IT CHANGES HIGH VOLTAGE TO LOW VOLTAGE . THE ONE WE USED CONVERTS 250V TO 13V.
• CAPACITORS THAT WE USED WERE OF 10 MICRO F AND 680 MICRO F .THE FUNCTION OF THESE
CAPACITORS IS TO REDUCE THE FLUCTUATION OF CURRENT IN THE CIRCUIT.
• WE USED A FIXED VOLTAGE REGULATOR WHICHH PREVIOUSLY EXPLAINED THAT ITS MAKES THE
CURRENT TO FLOW REGULARLY WITHOUT ANY KIND OF INTERUPPTIONS AND IT CONVERTS OR
PROVIDES US CONTINOUS 5V CURRENT. IT CONSIST OF THREE TERMINALS POSITIVE, NEGATIVE
AND THE MIDDLE ONE FOR EARTH.
• A HEAT SINK CAN BE USED ALONGSIDE VOLTAGE REGULATOR TO ABSORB THE EXCESS AMOUNT
OF HEAT PRESENT IN THE CIRCUIT IF ANY.
• BREADBOARD CAN BE USED FOR BETTER CONNECTION OTHERWISE CONNECTIONS CAN BE MADE
WITHOUT BREADBOARD ALSO
• WE USED JUMPER WIRES TO CONNECT ALL THE COMPONENTS WITH EACH OTHER.
THESE ARE THE IMAGES OF THE
APPARATUS USED IN OUR PROJECT
RECTIFIER DIODE BRIDGE
10 MICRO F CAPACITOR HEAT SINK BREADBOARD
680 MICRO F CAPACITOR

7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR
STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER
MALE TO MALE JUMPERS
Construction
• BREADBOARD WAS USED BY US FOR BETTER CONNECTIONS . FIRST WE

CONNECTED THE INPUT WIRES OR TERMINALS OF STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER WITH
A WIRE WHICH THEN WAS TO BE CONNECTED TO THE 220VAC SOURCE THEN WE
CONNECTED THE OUTPUT TERMINALS OR WIRES OF STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER TO
A 10 MICRO F CAPACITOR. THIS CAPACITOR IS THEN CONNECTED TO A
RECTIFIER/DIODE BRIDGE’S INPUT TERMINALS. WE CONNECTED THE OUTPUT
TERMINALS OF DIODE BRIDGE TO THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR, (THE NEGATIVE
TERMINAL WAS CONNECTED TO THE EARTH TERMINAL OF VOLTAGE REGULATOR
AND THE POSITIVE TERMINAL OF RECTIFIER WAS CONNECTED WITH POSITIVE
TERMINAL OF THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR).NOW WE CONNECTED THE 680 MICRO
FARAD CAPACITOR TO THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE
CAPACITOR WAS CONNECTED TO THE POSITIVE TERMINAL OF VOLTAGE
REGULATOR , THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE CAPACITOR WAS CONNECTED TO
THE EARTH TERMINAL OF THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR. TWO OUTPUT WIRES WERE
DRAWN OUT FOR OUTPUT CURRENT.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING
• FIRST OF ALL 220VAC IS PROVIDED TO THE TRANSFORMER WHICH

CONVERTS IT INTO 13VAC , AS IN THE CIRCUIT THE CURRENT THEN
FLOWS TOWARDS THE 10 MICRO F CAPACITOR WHICH IS BASICALLY
USED TO REDUCE THE FLUCTUATION OF THE CURRENT IN THE CIRCUIT
NOW AS THE CAPACITOR IS CONNECTED TO THE RECTIFIER/DIODE
BRIDGE THE CURRENT MOVES TOWARDS IT WHICH CONVERTS THE
ALTERNATING CURRENT INTO DIRECT CURRENT(DC). NOW THIS13VDC
MOVES TOWARDS THE VOLTAGE REGULATOR WHICH LOWERS IT TO
5VDC. HEAT SINK IS ALSO INSTALLED THERE TO LOWER THE RISK OF
OVERHEATING IN THE CIRCUIT. A 680 MICRO F CAPACITOR IS INSTALLED
THERE TO FURTHER REDUCE THE RISK OF OVER HEATING AND THE
FLUCTUATION OF THE CURRENT AND THE OUTPUT WIRES ARE DRAWN
OUTSIDE FOR 5VDC CURRENT OUTPUT.
APPLICATIONS
• ALL THE BASIC CIRCUITS IN THE LABORATORIES.

• WE CAN CHARGE OUR MOBILE PHONES, LAPTOPS ETC.
• WE CAN GET VERY LOW VOLTAGE WHICH IS REQUIRED FOR
OUR DIFFERENT MACHINES AND DEVICES TO WORK ON IT.
• ACOPIAN LINEAR REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES ARE
AVAILABLE AC TO DC SINGLE WIDE ADJUST OUTPUTS
• THESE ARE EXTREMELY INEXPENSIVE AND VERY RELIABLE
PRESENTED TO
SIR HASEENULLAH JAN
PRESENTED BY
MUHAMMAD UBAID SAIFULLAH
(REG. NO. 30420 CHEMICAL ENGG. SEC A)
HASSAAN SHAUKAT
MUBASHIR KHAN
THANKING IN
ANTICIPATION
…!!!

5V AC to DC Power Supply

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5V AC to DC Power Supply

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5V AC to DC power

• 5V POWER SUPPLIES ARE ONE OF THE MOST COMMON POWER

• A 5V OUTPUT IS MOST COMMONLY USED WHEN THE END

• DIODE BRIDGE D3S

680 MICRO F CAPACITOR

• BREADBOARD WAS USED BY US FOR BETTER CONNECTIONS . FIRST WE

• FIRST OF ALL 220VAC IS PROVIDED TO THE TRANSFORMER WHICH

• ALL THE BASIC CIRCUITS IN THE LABORATORIES.

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