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Chapter5 String

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Chapter5 String

Uploaded by

AlexJohn25111983
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

CHAPTER 5 STRINGS
Prepared by Mr. KAY HENG
2

Strings p.257

• Introduction
• The String class
• The Character class
• The StringBuffer class
3

Introduction
• A string is sequence (series) of characters.
• A string is NOT an array of characters.
E.g. in C/C++: char s[20];
• In Java, A String is an object.
• Java has 3 String classes:
• String
• StringBuffer
• StringTokenizer
4

THE STRING CLASS


5

The String class (1)


• String is in java.lang package.
• Since java.lang.* is always imported automatically,
we don’t need to import the String class.
• Declaration:
String s1;
• Initialization:
s1=“Information Technology”;
• Or, short-cut:
String s1=“Information Technology”;
6

The String class (2)


• Because String is a class, then s1 is an object.
• So there should be constructors, methods, or properties.
• String constructors:
• String()
• String(String value)
• String(char[] value)
Ex: String s1 = new String(“IT”);
• You just say:
String s1 = “IT”;
7

The String class (3)


Summary of String class • lastIndexOf()
• Constructors • regionMatches()
• String() • length()
• Methods • replace()
• charAt() • startsWith()
• compareTo() • subString()
• concat() • toCharArray()
• endsWidth() • toLowerCase()
• equals() • toString()
• getChars() • toUpperCase()
• equalsIgnoreCase() • trim()
• getChars() • copyValueOf()
• indexOf() • valueOf()
8

The String class (4)


• Q. How do I get those methods to use?
• A. You just declare a variable as String.
String s1=“npic”;
Then, you call a method, say length().
System.out.println(s1.length());
• Let’s try this out:
Public class TestString {
public static void main(String[] args){
String s1=“npic”;
System.out.println(s1.length());
}
}
9

The String class (5)


Note:
• The String class is immutable (has no setter method).
• The String class is final so we cannot inherit from it.
//Discuss it in chapter 8

• Lab time:
• Example 7.1 Checking Palindromes p.266
10

THE CHARACTER
CLASS
11

The Character class


• To declare a variable as a character, use primitive data
type: char.
Ex: char ch1 = ‘a’;
• But Java provides also Character class. It is useful for
Data Structure.
Ex: Character ch2 = new Character(‘b’);
Character ch3 = ‘c’;
• After define ch2,ch3 as Character, then these can use
methods from Character class. Please see methods on
page 268.
• Lab Time:
• Example 7.2 on page 268
12

THE STRINGBUFFER CLASS


13

The StringBuffer class (1)


• StringBuffer class is more flexible than String class.
Why?
• Because after creating a variable from StringBuffer
class, we can use append, delete, insert etc. very easily.
• Example:
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(“NPI”);
sb.append(“C”);
14

The StringBuffer class (2)


• StringBuffer()
• append():StringBuffer
• capacity():int
Homework
• charAt():char
• delete():StringBuffer
• deleteCharAt():StringBuffer
• insert():StringBuffer
• length():int
• replace():StringBuffer
• reverse():StringBuffer
• setCharAt():void
• setLength():void
• subString():String
15

The StringBuffer class (2)


• Append
StringBuffer st = new StringBuffer("H");
st.append('i');
st.append(5);
st.append(".");
st.append("com");
//output: Hi5.com

Please make some note on the code.


• StringBuffer provided overloaded methods to append
boolean, char, char[], double, float, int,
long, String.
16

Lab: Exercise 1
• Count the number of words in a given String
Example:
Input: National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia
Output: Word Count: 5 words
17

Lab: Exercise 2
• On page 285, Section 7.4 The StringBuffer Class

7.11 (Sorting character in a String) Write a method that returns a


sorted string using the following header:
public static String sort(String s)

For example, sort(“bac”) return abc.

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