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Lesson 1 Classification of Data

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Lesson 1 Classification of Data

Uploaded by

karlagustin182005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 1

Lesson 1 Classification of Data


Classification of Data

• There are four important classification of data:

 Qualitative Data
 Quantitative Data
 Geographical Data
 Chronological or Temporal Data
Qualitative Data

• When the data are classified according to a quality or attribute


such as gender, religion, literacy, intelligence, etc.
Quantitative Data

• When the data are classified by quantitative characteristics like


height, weight, age, income, etc.
Geographical Data

• When the data are


classified by geographical
regions or location, like
states, provinces, cities,
countries, etc.
 Geographic maps to show
the results of the 2016
presidential.
Chronological or Temporal Data

• When the data are classified or arranged by their time of


occurrence, such as years, months, weeks, days, etc.
Category of Data
Nominal Data

• Categorical variables that are not ordered. These can be binary


(consisting of only two categories, such as male or female) or
multinomial (more than two categories, like marital status:
married, divorced, never married, widowed, separated).

• The critical point here is that the categories do not follow any
logical order.

• Other Examples:
 City of Birth
 Ethnicity
 Car Brands
 Zip Code (Note: zip codes take numerical values, but are not quantitative )
 Telephone Numbers (same with zip codes, are not quantitative)
Ordinal Data

• Ordinal data is a kind of categorical data that has a predefined


order or scale. For instance, ordinal data are collected when a
respondent rates his or her financial happiness on a scale of 1-
10.

• There is no standard scale for measuring the difference between


each score in ordinal data.

• Other Examples:
 Top NBA teams
 English Language Ability (beginner, intermediate, fluent)
 Likert-type questions (very disappointed to very satisfied)
 Economic Status (High, Medium, and Low)
 Education Level (Higher, Secondary, Primary)
Discrete Data

• Discrete data is information that has been gathered and


quantified. This data type contains a finite number of values.
Typically, integers, whole numbers, are used rather than
fractions. The values cannot be divided into smaller pieces and
cannot be measured.

• For example, the number of students in your class is discrete data


that must be counted collectively (you cannot have 22.5 students).

• Other Examples:
 Number of many cars driving above the speed limit
 Shoe sizes ( 40, 41, 42, and so on)
 Number of test questions you answered
 The number of students in USJ-R
Continuous Data

• Continuous variables are not counted in general. The values can


be subdivided into increasingly smaller units and each unit
has its own meaning. Continuous data is measurable.

• Certain continuous data will change over time, such as the weight
of a newborn or the temperature of a room throughout the day.

• Other Examples:
 Height of a person
 Vehicle speed
 Temperature
 Android version of the phone
Choosing a
Statistical
Test
Conclusion

• We've covered all of the major categories of data. This is critical


because it enables us to prioritize the tests to be performed on
various categories. For quantitative data, a histogram or
frequency plot is appropriate; for qualitative data, a pie chart or
bar plot is appropriate.
• Only quantitative data can be used for regression analysis,
which examines the relationship between one dependent variable
and two or more independent variables. Although the ANOVA test
(Analysis of variance) is only applicable to qualitative variables, a
two-way ANOVA test can be used with one measurement
variable and two nominal variables. Thus, you can use the Chi-
square test to uncover relationships between categorical
variables when working with qualitative data.
References
• https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/basic-statistics/classification-of-
data.html#ixzz7LDeiBrlu
• https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/philippines/population
• https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/statistical-tests/

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