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Lecture 1

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8 views

Lecture 1

Uploaded by

adnanmangrio40
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION

TO DYNAMICS
BY
Maroosha Larik
MECHANICS

Mechanics Mechanics Mechanics


of rigid of of fluids
bodies deformable
bodies
Statics Dynami
cs

Particle Rigid Kinemat Kinetic


dynami body ics s
cs dynami
By Maroosha Larik cs 2
Mechanics:
Branch of physical science concerned with resultant effect of forces on bodies, both in a
state of rest and in motion
Mechanics of rigid bodies:
Branch of mechanics where body is assumed to be perfectly rigid i.e. there is no relative
movement between the particles forming the body and also there is no deformation of the
bod under action of forces.
Though engineering structures and machines do have slight deformation under the action
of loads, still they are treated as rigid bodies since the deformations are very small and
can be neglected
Statics:
It is part of rigid body mechanics which analysis bodies at rest.
Dynamics:
It is part of rigid body mechanics which analysis bodies at state of motion or the motion
of the moving bodies.
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What is Dynamics?
• Dynamics is part of rigid body mechanics which analysis motion of moving bodies.
• By the application of motion analysis we wish to gather information about following
parameters of a moving body
1) The path travelled by the moving body
2) Rate at which body moves
3) The time aspect of motion
4) Position occupied by body during motion
5) Forces acting on the body which are responsible for motion
6) The relation between forces and the motion so produced.
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SUB-DIVISION OF DYNAMICS

KINEMATICS KINETICS
• It is that branch of Dynamics, which • It is the branch of Dynamics, which
deals with the bodies in motion, deals with the bodies in motion due to
without any reference to the forces the application of forces or simply it
which are responsible for the motion. deals with the forces acting on the body.

• E.g. train moving, car etc. • NOTE: It does consider the mass of the
object.
• E.g. torque, friction etc.
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LINEAR MOTION:
Important terms:
1. Speed. The speed of a body may be defined as its rate of change of distance with respect to its
surroundings. The speed of a body is irrespective of its direction and is, thus, a scalar quantity.
2. velocity. The velocity of a body may be defined as its rate of change of displacement, with respect to its
surroundings, in a particular direction. As the velocity is always expressed in particular direction,
therefore it is a vector quantity.
3. Acceleration. The acceleration of a body may be defined as the rate of change of its velocity. It is said
to be positive, when the velocity of a body increases with time, and negative when the velocity
decreases with time. The negative acceleration is also called retardation.
4. 4. Uniform acceleration. If a body moves in such a way that its velocity changes in equal magnitudes in
equal intervals of time, it is said to be moving with a uniform acceleration.
5. Variable acceleration. If a body moves in such a way, that its velocity changes in unequal magnitudes in
equal intervals of time, it is said to be moving with a variable acceleration.
6. Distance traversed. It is the total distance moved by a body. Mathematically, if body is moving with
uniform velocity (v), then in (t) seconds, the distance traversed
s = v×t

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Example 17.1. A car starting from rest is accelerated at the rate of 0.4 m/s2. Find the
distance covered by the car in 20 seconds.

Solution. Given : Initial velocity (u) = 0 (because, it starts from rest) ; Acceleration
(a) =0.4 m/s2 and time taken (t) = 20 s
We know that the distance covered by the car,

S= (0×20) + = 80m

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