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    Chemistry Group Discussion PPT[NEW]

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    Chemistry Group Discussion PPT[NEW]

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    2 views13 pages

    Chemistry Group Discussion PPT[NEW]

    Uploaded by

    sarthaksatish29

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    10th E

    Group Discussion
    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    01
    OCTET RULE
    02
    NOBLE AND INERT GASES

    03
    IONIC COMOUNDS
    04
    ELECTRON DOT
    STRUCTURE
    0
    1
    OCTET RULE
    Explaination By – Shantanu Kamble
    OCTET RULE
    1.Definition: Atoms are most stable with eight
    electrons in their outer shell, similar to noble
    gases.
    2. Why Eight Electrons?
    ● Stability: A full outer shell leads to lower
    energy and less reactivity.
    Chemical Behaviour: Atoms react to achieve
    this stable configuration.
    3. How Atoms Achieve an Octet Ionic:
     Electron Transfer:
     One atom donates, another accepts electrons
    (e.g., Na⁺ and Cl⁻ form NaCl).
     Covalent Bonds:
     Electron Sharing: Atoms share electrons (e.g.,
    in H₂O, oxygen shares with hydrogen).
    4. Exceptions to the Octet Rule
    Hydrogen and Helium:
    Stable with 2 electrons. Expanded Octets: Elements
    in periods 3 and beyond can have more than eight
    electrons (e.g., PCl₅, SF₆).
    NOBEL & INERT GASES 02
    Explaination By – Arvind Ullanki
    NOBEL & INERT GASES
    1.Noble Gases: Stable, unreactive elements
    in Group 18 with full outer electron shells.

    2. Common Noble Gases


     Helium (He): 2 Electrons
     Neon (Ne): 10 electrons
     Argon (Ar): 18 electrons
    3. Characteristics
     Stability: Full valence shells make them
    very stable.
     Nonreactive: Rarely form chemical
    bonds.
     Colourless and Odourless: Invisible
    and tasteless in their natural state.
    4. Uses of
     Helium: Balloons, cryogenics, MRI cooling.
     Neon: Neon signs.
     Argon: Welding, light bulb inert gas.
    NOBEL & INERT GASES

    1.Inert Gases: Traditionally nonreactive


    gases, often synonymous with noble gases.
    2.Characteristics:
     Nonreactive: Resist chemical reactions.
     Stable: Do not easily form compounds.
    3.Distinction:
    Some noble gases can react under specific
    conditions.
    4.Uses:
     Inert Atmospheres: Semiconductor
    manufacturing and sensitive reactions.
    03
    IONIC COMPOUNDS
    Explaination By – Sarthak Shipkule
    IONIC COMPOUNDS
    1.Compounds: Formed by the transfer of
    electrons, creating positively charged cations
    and negatively charged anions.
    2.Formation Example: Sodium chloride
    (NaCl) is created when sodium donates an
    electron to chlorine.
    3.Characteristics:
     High Melting and Boiling Points:
    Strong ionic bonds require significant heat
    to break.
     Solubility: Many dissolve in water,
    forming electrolytic solutions.
     Electrical Conductivity: Conduct
    electricity in dissolved or molten states;
    non-conductive as solids.
     Brittleness: Tend to shatter under
    pressure rather than deform.
    IONIC COMPOUNDS

    Activity: Investigating Ionic Compounds


    Materials-Table salt (NaCl), water,
    conductivity tester, beakers, stirring rod.
    Procedure-Dissolve: Add salt to water and
    stir until dissolved .
    Test Conductivity: Place electrodes in the
    saltwater; observe if the bulb lights up.
    Expected Results Dissolution: Salt should
    dissolve easily.
    Conductivity: The bulb lights up, indicating
    the presence of free-moving ions.
    04
    ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE
    Explaination By – Aryan Wanave
    1.Electron Dot Structure: Diagram showing
    ELECTRON DOT STRUCTURE (LEWIS MODEL)
    valence electrons and atomic bonds in a
    molecule.
    2. Importance
    o Visualize Bonds: Helps understand
    molecular bonding and electron arrangement.
    o Predict Geometry: Aids in determining
    molecular shape.
    o Identify Bonds: Shows single, double, and
    triple bonds along with lone pairs.
    3.Steps to Draw Count Valence
    Electrons: Add up electrons for all atoms.
     Identify Central Atom: Usually the least
    electronegative.
     Draw Single Bonds: Connect central atom
    to others.
     Distribute Electrons: Complete outer
    atoms' octets first.
     Form Multiple Bonds: Adjust bonds if
    needed to fulfill the octet rule.
     Check Octet Rule: Ensure atoms have
    THANKS TEAM MEMBERS:
    SARTHAK SHIPKULE
    ARVIND ULLANKI
    ARYAN WANAVE
    SHANTANU KAMBLE

    GROUP LEADER – SARTHAK SHIPKULE

    CREDITS: This presentation template was


    PPT created by Slidesgo,
    BY – SHANTANU including icons by
    KAMBLE
    Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik

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