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Presentations

This includes study material for knowing about presentation

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Abhishek Chaudhary
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15 views15 pages

Presentations

This includes study material for knowing about presentation

Uploaded by

Abhishek Chaudhary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENTATIONS

Formal Presentation
Introduction
Successful and inspiring speakers are remembered not only
because they were eloquent, humourous, or had a good style, but
primarily because their messages and ideas cause change in their
audience’s actions, attitudes, lives, or make the purpose clear to
them. This is true for all types of presentations--Professional
Presentations, Business Speeches or Classroom Lectures.
Throughout our career, we are bound to encounter innumerable
situations that require professional presentations to be made such
as:
A Team Leader -the corporate body about a product
A Top Administrator of an Institution-the goals, activities, and
achievements
A Project Manager-the results of a project
A College Student-project reports to fellow students and faculty
members
Formal Presentation

The following points are to be attended to when preparing for a


professional presentation.
Planning: Occasion, audience, purpose, thesis and material
Outlining and Structuring: Introduction, Main Body, and
Conclusion
Choosing the Mode of Delivery
Guidelines for effective delivery
Body language and voice
Visual aids
Formal Presentation
Planning: Effective preparation enables us to answer all the questions
and doubts about our speech before they arise. The contents of our
speech, and how we deliver it, are based on five important factors:
a.Occasion b. Audience c. Purpose d. Thesis e. Material

Occasion: This refers to the factors such as the facilities available for
our presentation, time, and context of our presentation.
Facilities include the venue or locale along with the projection
equipment, lighting, seating, ventilation, etc.
Time refers to both the time of the day of presentation and the
duration of the talk. Professional presentations are brief, we should
present the important points in the first few minutes.
Context refers to the events surrounding our presentation. When we
are presenting in a team, we need to consider the team members. We
would need to modify ourselves to the existing situation just before
presenting our part.
Formal Presentation

b.1- Audience: Audience are at the receiving end of our


communication. They may be our friends, clients, colleagues,
sometimes unfamiliar faces, or a combination of all these. The
nature of our audience has a direct impact on the strategy we devise
for our presentation. Hence, it is necessary to have some prior
knowledge of the audience.
* What are their interests, likes, and dislikes?
* Are they familiar with the topic?
* Is their attitude hostile or friendly?
* What is the size of the group?
* Age range? Gender distribution?
* Cultural diversity
B.2-LOCALE
 Locale means Physical Environment
 The speaker should know about-
 1. Place of presentation
 2. A podium or table provided
 3. Public address system available
 4. Seating arrangement, room
temperature and lighting
 5. Visual aids available
Formal Presentation

c. Purpose: There can be different purposes of a presentation:


To Inform, To Analyse , To Persuade, to entertain and to
motivate
When the purpose is to provide information or to analyse a
situation, we generally interact with the audience in a limited
manner.
When the purpose is to analyse a situation a speaker generally take
suitable time to understand the situation and the matter.
When the purpose is to persuade people to take a particular action,
collaborate with them in solving a problem, or making a decision,
the interaction would be more.
Formal Presentation

d. Thesis Statement: The thesis statement is very important in a presentation


because it spells out the subject and establishes its impact among the audience. It is
also the central idea of a presentation. Simple language should be used to frame a
complete, declarative statement.
Example of thesis statement written by a student for a presentation on ‘Choosing a
reputed university for higher education’ the effective thesis statement would be:
* Choosing a reputed university for higher university for higher education has five
significant advantages (tells the audience that they will know these benefits after
listening to presentation)
After thesis statement allow yourself enough time to explore and develop your
ideas on:
Topic: Choosing a reputed university for higher education
Topic Area: Advantages of a reputed university
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: I wish to tell my audience about the benefits they will reap by
choosing a reputed university.
Thesis Statement: Choosing a reputed university for higher education has five
significant advantages.
Formal Presentation
e. -Material: Once we complete formulating our thesis, we need to
develop the information that elaborates it. Collecting material requires
some research. For example, when we are explaining a process or
procedure, the main text of our presentation will include a series of steps
involved.

Outlining and Structuring: An outline is a framework in which bits


and pieces of the presentation material are fitted. It serves as a guide to
show us the right path for our presentation. A presentation should have
the following format:
Introduction: It should grab attention, introduce topic, contain a
strategy for establishing credibility, preview the speech, establish rules
for questions, and have a smooth transition to the main text.
Main Body: It should contain all the main points and supporting
material; the entire matter should be organized in to a logical sequence.
Conclusion: It should contain signal, highlight/summary, closing
statement/re-emphasis, a vote of thanks, and invitation to questions.
Organizing Contents:
A speaker should always prepare more material than required, as this will help
him feel confident. He should arrange his contents of his presentation into three
major parts namely, introduction, main body, and conclusion.
(a). Introduction: The introduction comprises the porch or the opening
statement, the aim, the layout. The porch can be a question, a sincere greeting, or
a starting statement. This catches the attention of his audience and prepares them
to listen to the rest of his presentation.
Example: “I am here to brief you about the details of this appraisal system. I
will start by giving a brief idea about the earlier system and then proceed to
discuss the highlights of the new system.”
(b). Main Body: In main body, the highlighted major points in the opening are
expanded upon . Depending upon the topic, and the introduction, the speaker
can choose from any of the following patterns to organize the main body of the
speech.
* Chronological * Categorical * Cause and effect * Problem-solution
©. Conclusion: The speaker can conclude his presentation by reviewing the
main points giving a signal such as to sum up, to conclude, to review or
reminding the audience briefly about the purpose of the presentation.
Understanding Nuances (Modes) of Delivery
There are four modes of delivery which can be used for making
presentations.
(a). Extemporaneous: In extemporaneous presentation, a good speaker
preparse the notes beforehand. Presentation sounds quite spontaneous to
the audience, as after thorough preparation, a speaker speaks while
thinking.

Advantages:
1. Well preparation for the presentation results in the best possible
structured way.
2. Thorough preparation makes the speaker self-confident and assured.
Disadvantages:
1. Inadequate preparation can make a speaker uncomfortable.
2. Too much dependency on notes and cards causes the loss of
spontaneity.
(b). Manuscript: In manuscript presentation, material is written out
and the speaker is supposed to read it out aloud verbatim.

Advantages:
1. Permanent and accurate record of whatever we have to say.
2. No chance of tampering with the facts and figures.
3. The material is organized systematically.
4. Language gets polished.

Disadvantages:
1. The speaker gets less time for making proper eye contact with
the audience.
2. Speaker cannot talk to the audience.
3. Adaptation is difficult, if the need arises.
©. Impromptu: The impromptu mode is what we use when
we have to deliver an informal speech without preparation.
Example: At a formal dinner party we may be invited to deliver a
vote of thanks.

Advantages:
1. Speaker sounds very natural.
2. Speaker get a chance to express his thoughts irrespective of what
others think or say about that particular topic.

Disadvantages:
1. The presentation lacks organized development of ideas.
2. There is no supplementary material such as data, statistics,
illustrations and figures.
3. The presentation may turn out to be a failure if the speaker has
inadequate proficiency in the language he/she uses.
(d). Memorization: Usually a speaker memorizes only the main
parts and is in the habit of writing key words on his cards to help
him out through the actual presentation. In this, speech is written
out beforehand, then committed to memory.

Advantages:
Speaker can maintain eye contact with the audience.
He can easily move and use non-verbal communication.

Disadvantages:
Requires too much of time.
Memory skills may fail if the speaker has not rehearsed adequately.
Chances of forgetting words or ideas
Thank You

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