DATABASE

Introduction & Application

“It’s easy to lie with statistics. It’s
hard to tell the truth without
statistics”
—Andrejs Dunkels
What is a Database?
Databases are integral to modern life, enabling the
storage, management, and processing of data across
various fields. With advancements in technology,
computerized databases handle diverse data types,
such as text, images, audio, and video. Recall the
process of looking for a word in a dictionary, finding
the phone number of a friend from the contact list, or
searching for something on Google, transforming raw
data into meaningful information.
 Data and Information
The raw facts constitute data. The facts may be related to
any person, place, activity or thing. It may be stored as
text, graphics, audio or video. This data must be processed
by any computing machine in a proper way to generate
useful and meaningful information. Information is the
processed or organised form of data. If data is not correct
or accurate, the information obtained by processing such
data may not be correct.
 C8
Introduction to
Database Management System
(DBMS)
 WHAT IS DBMS?
A Database Management System (DBMS) is
software that interacts with users, applications,
and the database itself to capture and analyse
data. It maintains Efficiency, Accuracy, Validity,
and Security.
ADVANTAGES OF DBMS

Organisation Analysis
The data in the A database helps in
database is stored the analysis of data
in an organised based on certain
manner, so that criteria.
retrieval of the
required data is fast
and accurate.
Sharing
If the same data set is required for different
applications then the database can be
shared with other applications. Hence using
a database means making one and using it
repeatedly for multiple applications.
ADVANTAGES OF DBMS

Redundancy Consistency
In the event of requiring By minimising data
the same data field in redundancy, the chances of
several tables, the data inconsistent data being
field might get repeated stored are reduced. For
in several tables. This is example, it should not
called as data happen that the name of the
redundancy. This can be student is changed in one
reduced by using DBMS table and not in another.
tools. Such inconsistency is
reduced by using a DBMS.
Data
Models
A database can be designed in different
ways depending on the data being
stored. This structure of the database is
known as a data model that describes
how data will be stored and retrieved.
 HIERARCHICAL DATA MODEL
Likes Ltd.
Personal Info Project Info

Emp Name Project No

Salary
Deadline
Designation
Emp Incharged
 NETWORK DATA MODEL
Likes Ltd.
Personal Info Project Info

Emp Name Designation Deadline

Salary Project No
RELATIONAL DATABASE TERMINOLOGY
Let us get familiar with some of the common terms used in RDBMS.

Terms Definition
A real-world object is represented in the
Entity
database, defined by attributes.

A collection of logically related records

Table
organised in rows and columns.

Field / Columns / The smallest data unit in a table, holding

Attributes values of a specific type for multiple records.

Data Values The raw data is stored in columns (fields).

A complete set of data values for all fields

Record / Row
related to one entity in a table.
RELATIONAL DATABASE TERMINOLOGY
Let us get familiar with some of the common terms used in RDBMS.

Terms Definition
A unique identifier for each row in a table,
Primary Key
such as roll numbers.

A field in one table that uniquely identifies

Foreign Key
records in another table, linking the tables.

Fields eligible to be a primary key; values

Candidate Key
must be unique and non-blank.

Out of the candidate keys, one

or two are made as primary keys. The others
Alternate Key
are
the alternate keys.
RELATIONAL DATABASE
A relational database is a collection of related
FIELDS tables

Roll Date of
Stu Name Class Date of Birth
No Admission
913 Dipak Kumar 10 06/04/2004 25/06/2018

914 Ram Lal Kumar 10 01/03/2004 24/06/2018

Book
Roll No Date of Borrow Date of Admission
No
TABLES
913 555 10/12/2018 25/06/2018
914 333 11/11/2018 24/06/2018
RECORDS
915 444 12/11/2018 30/06/2018
 OBJECTS OF AN RDBMS
An object in a database is a structure or a feature that is used to store,
represent or retrieve data. A database is a collection of these objects
that work on multiple sets of data related to each other

Objects Definition
The foundational structure is where data is stored in
Tables
rows and columns.

User-friendly interfaces for data entry into tables, using

Forms
elements like text boxes and radio buttons.

Tools to retrieve specific information from a database by

Queries
setting criteria.

Structured presentations of query results in a formal

Reports
layout for better readability.
 A data type refers to the type of data that will be stored in
DATA TYPES that particular field. The memory size of a field varies
according to its data type.

Objects Definition
The text data is a combination of letters, numbers or special
Text Data Types
characters.

Numeric Data
Numeric data types consist of numbers.
Type

Currency Data The currency data type indicates the monetary values and
Type can be stored using the currencies of various countries.

Date Data Type This data type is used to indicate dates and times.

In the boolean data type, there can be only two values: Yes
Boolean
or No

The Binary data type used to store digitized images and

Binary
sounds that comes as long string of zeros and ones
 C9
Database Management System
Using LibreOffice Base
Why LibreOffice Base?
Base is a free and open-source database component
of the LibreOffice suit. It has a user-friendly interface,
is ideal for small-to-medium databases, and it
provides data security and consistency. It is the
collection of related data objects known as Tables,
Forms, Queries, Reports, and application modules. It
can easily be downloaded from the website
https://www.libreoffice.org/
USER INTERFACE OF LibreOffice Base
Once a database is created, the screen as
shown appears. The various components of the
Base User Interface
TITLE BAR
MENU BAR
TOOLBAR

DATABASE
PANE

STATUS BAR
WHAT TO DO IN BASE

Editing Data
Creating a Entering Data Navigating
Table
▫Creating a Table
in the Table
To enter data in the
the Table
To navigate through To edit or modify
using a Wizard table, double click on various records of the previously
▫ Creating a Table the created table the table, we use entered data
in Design View Events icon in the the navigation box simply place the
Tables Object Area present at the cursor on the field
on the database bottom of the value that has to
screen. datasheet window. be edited to edit
and enter the new
value.
WHAT TO DO IN BASE

Deleting Records
Sorting Data in
from Table
the Table
Data in a table can be To delete any record from
arranged in ascending or the table, open the table
descending order. This and select the record to be
process of arranging the deleted. The record can be
records in particular order deleted by pressing the
on any filed is called as Del key from the keyboard
sorting. or selecting the Delete
Record option from the
Edit menu.
OUR GROUP
1 2 3

Aastha Abhishek P. Adisha M.

4 5

Amogh S. Anusha P.
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
PATIENCE
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