Scribd
Upload
2 views

Understanding the TCPIP Model

ppt on tcp ip

Uploaded by

Deepak Sen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Understanding the TCPIP Model

ppt on tcp ip

Uploaded by

Deepak Sen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Understanding the

TCP/IP Model
The TCP/IP model is a fundamental framework for communication
over computer networks. It is a layered model that defines the rules
and protocols used to transmit data between devices. The model
helps ensure reliable data transmission, providing a common
language for devices to interact on the network.

DS
by Deepak Sen
TCP/IP Model: A Layered Architecture
Application Layer 1
The top layer of the model, responsible for
communication with applications. It includes
protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. 2 Transport Layer
Provides reliable data delivery between applications.
It includes protocols like TCP and UDP.
Network Layer 3
Manages network routing and addressing. It includes
protocols like IP and ICMP.
4 Data Link Layer
Handles error detection and flow control at the
physical link level. It includes protocols like Ethernet
Physical Layer 5 and Wi-Fi.
The lowest layer, responsible for the physical
transmission of data over the network medium.
Physical Layer: The
Foundation of
Communication
Signal Encoding Media Access Control
Translates digital data into Manages access to the
analog signals for physical medium, ensuring
transmission over the that multiple devices can
network. share the network.

Physical Components
Includes cables, connectors, and other hardware responsible for
transmitting data.
Data Link Layer: Ensuring
Reliable Data Transfer
1 Error Detection and 2 Flow Control
Correction Manages the rate of data
Ensures that data is transmission, preventing
transmitted without errors congestion on the network.
using techniques like
checksums.

3 Media Access Control 4 Addressing


Provides unique addresses
Determines how devices for devices on the network,
access the shared network enabling them to
medium, avoiding communicate.
collisions.
Network Layer: Routing and Addressing
Routing Addressing Packet Segmentation and
Reassembly
Determines the path that data Provides unique logical addresses
packets should take from source to for devices on the network, enabling Divides large data packets into
destination. communication. smaller packets for efficient
transmission and reassembles them
at the destination.
Transport Layer: Reliable
Delivery for Applications

Connection-Oriented Packet Segmentation and


Communication Reassembly
Establishes a connection between Divides large data into smaller
devices before data transmission, packets for efficient transmission and
ensuring reliable delivery. reassembles them at the destination.

Flow Control Error Control


Manages the rate of data Detects and corrects errors in data
transmission, preventing congestion transmission, ensuring data integrity.
on the network.
Application Layer: Interacting
with Users and Applications
User Interface
Provides a way for users to interact with network applications.

Data Formatting
Ensures that data is formatted correctly for different applications.

Network Access
Allows applications to connect to the network and access resources.

Protocol Negotiation
Determines the protocols that will be used for communication between
applications.
Key Protocols in the TCP/IP Model
Layer Protocol Description

Application HTTP Web browsing

Application SMTP Email communication

Application FTP File transfer

Transport TCP Reliable connection-oriented


communication

Transport UDP Unreliable connectionless


communication

Network IP Addressing and routing of


data packets

Network ICMP Error reporting and network


diagnostics

Data Link Ethernet Wired network


communication

Data Link Wi-Fi Wireless network


communication
IP Addressing: Unique Identities for Devices

IPv4 Subnetting DHCP


The most common IP address format, Divides a network into smaller Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,
using 32-bit addresses. subnetworks for better organization which automatically assigns IP
and efficiency. addresses to devices on the network.
Routing in the TCP/IP
Model: Pathfinding for
Data
1 Routing Tables 2 Routing Protocols
Contain information about Used by routers to
network paths and exchange routing
destinations, enabling information and maintain
routers to make routing accurate routing tables.
decisions.

3 Path Selection
Routers choose the best path for data packets based on factors
like distance, bandwidth, and congestion.
Thank you

You might also like