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CH 1 An Overview of HBO

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20 views10 pages

CH 1 An Overview of HBO

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colasp25
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 1:

AN OVERVIEW OF
HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN
ORGANIZATIONS.
What is Human Behavior?
 Human behavior refers to the physical actions of a person that
can be seen or heard such as smiling or whistling.
 With his thoughts, feelings, emotions, and sentiments, the
persons exhibits behaviors similar or different when he is in or
out of organizations.

What is Organizational Behavior?


 Organizational behavior or OB may be defined as “ the study of
human behavior in organization, of the interactions between
individuals and the organization, and of the organization itself. “
The Goals of OB
The three Goals of OB are as
follows: THE
PERSON
1. To explain behavior;
2. To predict behavior; and BEHAVI
OR
3. To control behavior.
IN THE OUT OF THE
ORGANIZATIO ORGANIZATI
N ON
 THE ELEMENTS OF OB
Four Elements Operate in OB. They are:
1. People
2. Structure
3. Technology
4. Environment

 THE BENEFITS ODF STUDYING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR


(OB).
The study of OB offers certain benefits. They are as follows:

1. Development of people skills;


2. Personal growth;
3. Enhancement of organizational and individual effectiveness; and
4. Sharpening and refinement of common sense.
1. DEVELOPMENT OF PEOPLE SKILLS
 There are two type of skills that a person will need to succeed in his chosen career:

1. The skill in doing his work; and


2. The skill in relating with people.
2. PERSONAL GROWTH
 Personal growth makes a person highly competitive in the workplace. The chance to
achieve personal growth is enhanced by knowledge of OB.
 Intrapersonal thinking may be described briefly as one possessed by a person with
highly accurate understanding of himself or herself.
3. ENHANCEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL
EFFECTIVENESS.
 Effectiveness is a major attribute of successful organizations, as well as individuals.
When the right decisions are made, effectiveness follows.
4. SHARPENING AND REFINEMENT OF COMMON SENSE.
 People differ in the degree of common sense they possess. Improvements in this type
of ability however, can still be made and great benefits can be derived if this is done.
 A BRIEF HISTORY OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (OB)
The origins of OB can be traced to the ff:

1. The human relations approach


a. the scientific management approach by Frederick W. Taylor
b. the human relations approach by Elton Mayo and others

2. The personality theories


a. Freud’s model
b. the behaviorist approach by Watson and Skinner
c. the humanist approach by Carl Rogers, Fritz Perls, and Abraham
Maslow
 Frederick W. Taylor
 was the well-known disciple of the scientific management movement.
 the primary purpose of scientific management was the application of scientific methods
to increase the individuals workers productivity.
 Elton Mayo
 and his research team conducted the Hawthorne studies in 1920 to determine what
effect hours of work, periods of rests and lighting might have on worker fatigue and
productivity.
 it was discovers that social environment have and equivalent if not greater of effect of
productivity than the physical environment.
 Sigmund Freud
 brought the idea that people are motivated by far more than conscious logical
reasoning.
 Freud believed that irrational motives make up the hidden subconscious mind, which
determines the major part of peoples behavior.
 J.B. Watson
 an eminent psychologist, formulated the theory about learned behavior or behaviorism.
This theory indicated that a person can be trained to behave according to the wish of the
trainer.
 B.F. Skinner
 extended Watson’s theory with his own theory of behavior modification. Skinner
concluded that when people received a positive stimulus like money or praise for what
they have done , they will tend to repeat their behavior.
 When they are ignored and received no response to the action, they will not be inclined to
repeat it.
 Rogers
 focused on the person as an individual instead of adhering to a rigid methodology.
 Perls
 contribution is the Gestalt psychology wherein the person is seen as being plagued by
numerous split, or conflicting desires and needs, which dissipate energy and interfere with
that persons ability to achieve his potential.
 Abraham Maslow
 forwarded his model which espouses the idea of developing the personality toward the
 ETHICS AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
What is ethics?
 Ethics refers to the set of moral choices a person makes based on what he or she
ought to do.
 Organization Ethics these are moral principles that define right or wrong behavior
in organizations.
 Ethical behaviors. This refers to behavior that is accepted as morally “good” and
“right” as opposed to “ bad” and “wrong”.

• What constitutes right and wrong behavior in organization is


determined by:
1. The public
2. Interest groups
3. Organizations
4. The individuals personal morals and values
• ETHICAL ISSUES
 There are important ethical issues that confront organization.
They consist of the following:
1. Conflict of interest
2. Fairness and honesty
3. Communication
4. Relationships within the organization

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