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Increasing and Decreasing Functions

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38 views

Increasing and Decreasing Functions

Uploaded by

siddhi sarda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INCREASING AND

DECREASING
FUNCTIONS
MATHS PROJECT
By- Ananya Jain
Ananya Agrawal
Vanshika Mehta
Janvi Jeswani
Meaning
◦Increasing and decreasing functions are functions in calculus for
which the value of f(x) increases and decreases respectively
with the increase in the value of x. The derivative of the
function f(x) is used to check the behaviour of increasing and
decreasing functions. The function is said to be increasing if the
value of f(x) increases with an increase in the value of x and the
function is said to be decreasing if the value of f(x) decreases
with an increase in the value of x. Increasing and decreasing
functions are functions whose graphs go upwards and
downwards respectively as we move towards the right-hand
side of the x-axis.
Types of increasing and
decreasing functions
INCREASING FUNCTION

Increasing Function – A
function f(x) is said to be
increasing on an interval
I if for any two numbers
x and y in I such that x <
y, we have f(x) ≤ f(y).
DECREASING FUNCTION

Decreasing Function – A
function f(x) is said to be
decreasing on an interval
I if for any two numbers x
and y in I such that x < y,
we have f(x) ≥ f(y).
STRICTLY INCREASING FUNCTION

Strictly Increasing
Function – A function f(x)
is said to be strictly
increasing on an interval I
if for any two numbers x
and y in I such that x < y,
we have f(x) < f(y).
STRICTLY DECREASING FUNCTION

Strictly Decreasing
Function – A function f(x) is
said to be strictly
decreasing on an interval I
if for any two numbers x
and y in I such that x < y,
we have f(x) > f(y).
Rules to Check Increasing and
Decreasing Functions
We use the derivative of a function to check if it is an increasing
or decreasing function. Suppose a function f(x) is differentiable
on an open interval I, then we have.
If f’(x) ≥ 0 on I, the function is said to be an increasing function
on I.
◦If f’(x) ≤ 0 on I, the function is said to be a decreasing function
on I.
Properties of Increasing and
Decreasing Functions
If the functions f and g are increasing functions on an open
interval I, then the sum of the functions f + g is also increasing
on this interval.
If the functions f and g are decreasing functions on an open
interval I, then the sum of the functions f + g is also decreasing
on this interval.
◦If the function f is an increasing function on an open interval I,
then the opposite function –f is decreasing on this interval.
◦If the function f is a decreasing function on an open interval I,
then the opposite function –f is increasing on this interval.
◦If the function f is an increasing function on an open interval I,
then the inverse function 1/f is decreasing on this interval.
◦If the function f is a decreasing function on an open interval I,
then the inverse function 1/f is increasing on this interval.
If the functions f and g are increasing functions on an open
interval I and f, g ≥ 0 on I, then the product of the functions fg
is also increasing on this interval.
◦If the functions f and g are decreasing functions on an open
interval I and f, g ≥ 0 on I, then the product of the functions fg
is also decreasing on this interval.
Real life examples of increasing
and decreasing functions
◦Examples of increasing function are-
◦Share prices going up, The demand for a particular product
increasing, Profit for a particular firm.
◦Examples of decreasing function are-
◦The downfall movement of a company’s profit, The decreasing
sirf of a car with respect to time.
Question- Determine the intervals on which the function
f(x)=2x+x⁵ is increasing or decreasing.
Solution- The derivative of this polynomial is f′(x)=2+5x⁴.
Since x⁴≥0 for all values of x, f′(x)>0 on the interval (−∞,∞)
◦Thus f(x)=2x+x⁵ is an increasing function on (−∞,∞).
Thank
you

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