Isdn Final
Isdn Final
Digital Network
ISDN INTRODUCTION
It is stands for Integrated Services
Digital Network allows voice and data
using end-to-end digital connectivity.
WORKING PROCEDURE OF
ISDN
Types of channels
. Bearer channels
. Data channels(Delta)
. Hybrid channels
Channel rates
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B Channels :-
A bearer channel (B channel) is defined at
a rate of
64 Kbps.
It is the basic user channel and can carry
any type of digital information in full-
duplex mode as long as the required
Inverse rate
transmission Multiplexing
doesofnot
B Channels
exceed 64 Kbps.
B (64 Kbps)
128 Kbps
128 Kbps
B (64
Kbps)
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Inverse Multiplexers
D Channels :-
A data channel (D channel) can be either
16 or 64
Kbps, depending on the needs of the user.
The primary function of D channel is to
carry
control signaling information for the B
channels.
. Who is calling
. Type of call
. Calling what number
Can also be used for packet switching
6 or
H Channels :-
Carry user information at higher bit rates 384
kb/s or 1536 kb/s or 1920 kb/s.
These rates suit H channels for high data-rate
applications such as video, teleconferencing, and
so on.
Can be used as a high-speed trunk.
Can also be subdivided as per user’s own TDM
scheme.
Uses include high speed data, fast facsimile, video,
high-quality audio.
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B Channel D Channel H Channel
(64 kbps) (16/64 kbps) (384/1536 kbps)
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ISDN COMPONENTS
Terminal Equipment type 1 (TE1)
* ISDN compatible device (Router
with ISDN Interface)
* TE1s connect to the ISDN network through a four-
wire, twisted-pair digital link
* Example:Telephones, personal computers, fax
machine or videoconferencing machine
Terminal Equipment type 2 (TE2)
* ISDN Non-compatible devices.
* Will require a terminal adapter.
* Example: Analog phone or modem, requires a TA
(TE2 connects to TA).
ISDN COMPONENTS
Terminal Adapter (TA)
* Converts standard electrical signals into the form
used by ISDN
* Needed for connection with TE2 devices
Network Terminator Type 1 (NT1)
WHEN YOU CONNECT A TE1 DEVICE TO THE
ISDN NETWORK, YOU USE AN NT1. AN NT1 WILL
CONNECT ANY 2-WIRE TE1 DEVICE TO THE ISDN
NETWORK.
Network Terminator Type 2 (NT2)
NT2 DEVICES IS USED IN 4 WIRE CABLES. FOR
CONVERT THE 4 WIRE CONNECTOR TO A 2 WIRE
CONNECTOR.
FIGURE OF ISDN DEVICES
ISDN REFERENCE
POINTS
ISDN specifies a number of reference points that define logical
interfaces
between functional groupings, such as TAs and NT1s.
ISDN reference points include the following:-
R--The reference point between non-ISDN equipment
and a TA.
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ISDN SERVICE
PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
ISDN Primary Rate Interface service provides
digital access via a T1 line. The ISDN PRI service
offers 23 B channel and 1 D channel for signaling purposes.
ISDN TYPICAL NETWORK
ISDN USES
Remote Access (Telecommuters)
ISDN USES
Remote Nodes (Voice and Data)
N - ISDN
N-ISDN Was An Attempt To Replace The Analog
Telephone System With A Digital One
Telecommunication That Carries Voice Information In
A Narrow Band Of Frequencies
It Generally Uses 64 Kbps Channel As The Basic
Unit Of Switching
N-ISDN Basic Rate Is Too Low So For Home
As For Business Today
B-ISDN
A service requiring transmission channels capable of
supporting rates greater than the primary rate.” ITU-T”.
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FEATURES OF ISDN
Two phone numbers on a single line
Multiple Devices