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Encryption Algorithms Final

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Lucas Isaiah W. Bargo
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1 views

Encryption Algorithms Final

Uploaded by

Lucas Isaiah W. Bargo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENCRYPTION

ALGORITHMS
DES, AES, RSA, AND ECC
1
INTRODUCTION TO
ENCRYPTION:
• Encryption is the process of
converting information into a
secure format to prevent
unauthorized access.
• It has been used for centuries to
protect confidential information,
from ancient ciphers to modern
algorithms.
1
EARLY ENCRYPTION
METHODS:
• Ancient civilizations like the
Egyptians and Greeks used simple
substitution ciphers to protect
messages.
• The Caesar Cipher, used by Julius
Caesar, is one of the earliest
known ciphers.
1
MODERN ENCRYPTION:
• The development of computers in
the 20th century revolutionized
encryption.
• Algorithms like the Data
Encryption Standard (DES) and
Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES) were developed to secure
digital information.
1
MODERN ENCRYPTION:
• Public key encryption, introduced
by RSA, brought a significant
advancement by allowing secure
communication over open
channels.
1
IMPORTANCE OF ENCRYPTION
IN DATA SECURITY:
• Encryption protects sensitive
information in various fields,
including finance, healthcare, and
communications.
• It is essential for ensuring
privacy, integrity, and
authenticity of data.
2
OVERVIEW OF DATA
ENCRYPTION STANDARD (DES)
• Developed by IBM in the 1970s
and became a standard in 1977. A
symmetric key encryption
algorithm.
• It was one of the first encryption
algorithms to be widely adopted
and used in various applications.
2
KEY FEATURES AND HOW IT
WORKS:
• Utilizes a 56-bit key, which, at the
time of its creation, provided
sufficient security.
• Operates on 64-bit blocks of data,
breaking them down into smaller
chunks and processing them
through multiple rounds of
permutation and substitution.
2
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
AND USE CASES:

• Widely used in the 1980s-1990s in


banking, telecoms, and
government. Laid the groundwork
for modern encryption despite its
vulnerabilities today.
3
OVERVIEW: ADVANCED
ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES)
• Developed as a more secure
alternative to DES.
• Adopted by NIST as a standard in
2001.
• Used worldwide for encrypting
sensitive data.
3
OVERVIEW: ADVANCED
ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES)
• The National Institute of
Standards and Technology, or
NIST, started development of AES
in 1997. In June 2003, AES
became the default encryption
algorithm for protecting classified
information, including
government information.
3
KEY FEATURES:

• Uses key sizes of 128, 192, or 256


bits.
• Operates on 128-bit blocks of
data.
• Involves multiple rounds of
substitution, permutation, and
mixing.
3
COMPARISON WITH DES:

• Stronger security due to larger


key sizes.
• More efficient and faster due to a
simpler algorithmic structure.
• Widely accepted and used in
various applications, including
government and financial
services.
4
RIVEST-SHAMIR-ADLEMAN
(RSA)
• Developed by Ron Rivest, Adi
Shamir, and Leonard Adleman in
1977.
• One of the first public-key
encryption algorithms.
• Uses two keys: a public key for
encryption and a private key for
decryption.
4
KEY FEATURES:
• Based on the mathematical
difficulty of factoring large prime
numbers.
• Allows secure data transmission
without the need for exchanging
a secret key.
• Widely used for securing sensitive
data, especially in digital
signatures and SSL/TLS protocols.
4
APPLICATIONS:
• Digital signatures: Ensures the
authenticity and integrity of
digital messages.
• Secure communications: Used in
SSL/TLS to protect data
transmitted over the internet.
• Email encryption: Secures email
content and attachments.
5
ELLIPTIC CURVE
CRYPTOGRAPHY (ECC)
• ECC is a public-key encryption
method based on the algebraic
structure of elliptic curves over
finite fields.
• Developed in the 1980s as an
alternative to RSA.
5
KEY FEATURES:
• Provides strong security with
smaller key sizes compared to
RSA, making it more efficient.
• Requires less computational
power, which is beneficial for
mobile and embedded devices.
• Uses elliptic curves to generate
keys, allowing for faster
computations and reduced
memory usage.
5
ADVANTAGES OVER RSA:
• Smaller key sizes mean faster
encryption and decryption
processes.
• Enhanced security for the same
key size compared to RSA.
• Ideal for use in environments
where resources are limited, such
as mobile devices.
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Security Strength:
• DES: Outdated, vulnerable to
brute force attacks due to its 56-
bit key.
• AES: Strong security with 128,
192, or 256-bit keys; widely
trusted.
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Security Strength:
• RSA: Secure for large key sizes,
relies on the difficulty of
factoring large primes.
• ECC: Offers equivalent security
to RSA with smaller key sizes,
making it more efficient
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Performance and Efficiency:
• DES: Slower and less efficient,
largely replaced by more secure
options.
• AES: Fast and efficient, suitable
for high-speed encryption.
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Performance and Efficiency:
• RSA: Computationally intensive,
especially for large key sizes.
• ECC: More efficient than RSA,
suitable for devices with limited
resources.
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Use Cases and Applications:
• DES: Historical significance, still
used in some legacy systems.
• AES: Standard for securing
sensitive data in various
applications.
6
COMPARISON OF DES, AES,
RSA, AND ECC
Use Cases and Applications:
• RSA: Commonly used for secure
communications, digital
signatures.
• ECC: Ideal for mobile and
embedded devices, secure
communications.
7
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS

Banking and Finance:


• Protecting financial transactions
and sensitive information.
• Ensuring secure online banking
and payment systems using AES
and RSA.
7
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS

Healthcare:
• Securing patient data and
medical records.
• Encrypting communications
between healthcare providers
and insurance companies.
7
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS
E-commerce:
• Safeguarding customer data and
payment information.
• Utilizing SSL/TLS protocols with
RSA and ECC for secure
transactions.
7
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS
Government and Defense:
• Protecting classified information
and communications.
• Using encryption standards like
AES for securing national
security data.
7
REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS
Cloud Computing:
• Ensuring data privacy and
security in cloud storage.
• Utilizing encryption algorithms
to protect data at rest and in
transit.
8
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Post-Quantum Cryptography:
• Preparing for the advent of
quantum computers.
• Developing algorithms resistant
to quantum attacks.
8
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Homomorphic Encryption:
• Allows computation on
encrypted data without
decrypting it.
• Enhances data privacy and
security in cloud computing.
8
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies:
• Utilizing cryptographic
techniques for secure
transactions.
• Ensuring the integrity and
security of decentralized
ledgers.
8
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Zero-Knowledge Proofs:
• Enabling one party to prove to
another that a statement is true
without revealing any
information.
• Applications in identity
verification and secure
8
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Improved Key Management:
• Developing more secure
methods for managing and
distributing encryption keys.
• Enhancing the overall security of
encryption systems.

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