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Array in Cpp

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Array in Cpp

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omsingh300710
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ARRAY

Sambuddha Chakraborty
WHAT IS ARRAY?
• An array is a group of consective memory
locations with same name and data type.
• Simple variable is a single memory location with
unique name and a type. But an Array is collection
of different adjacent memory locations. All these
memory locations have one collective name and
type.
• The memory locations in the array are known as
elements of array. The total number of elements in
the array is called length.
• The elements of array is accessed with reference
to its position in array, that is call index or
subscript.
DECLARATION OF AN
ARRAY:
Like a regular variable, an array must be declared
before it is used. A typical declaration for an array
in Visual C++ is:

type name [elements];

 type is a valid type (like int, float...)


 name is a valid identifier
 elements field (which is always enclosed in
square brackets []), specifies how many of these
elements the array has to contain.
EXPLANATION:
INT NUM[6]

size of the
array
Base name of
type array
ADVANTAGES OF ARRAY:
 Arrays can store a large number of value
with single name.
 Arrays are used to process many value
easily and quickly.
 The values stored in an array can be sorted
easily.
 The search process can be applied on
arrays easily.
EG. PROGRAM:
TYPES OF ARRAY:
Single dimensional array
Two dimensional array
Multi dimensional array
ONE DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
A one dimensional array is one in which one
subscript /indices specification is needed to
specify a particular element of array

Declaration :
Data_type array_name [size of array ];

Eg:
Int num[10];
EXAMPLE PROGRAM:
MEMORY REPRESENTATION:
num[0] num[1] num[2] num[3] num[4] num[5] num[6] num[7]
num[8] num[9]
39 56 23 98 6 56 9 2 54 67

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

starting Address of location

Total memory in bytes that an array is


occupied :
Size of array=size of array*size of(base type)
Hear,
10*2=20
TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
A 2-d array is an array in which each element is
itself an array
i.e int num[4][3]
0 1 2
No
0 of
col
No of 1 um
rows 2 ns

No of element in Num [2][1]


2-D array =M*N
EXAMPLE PROGRAM:
MEMORY REPRESENTATION:
Total bytes= no of rows*no of columns*size of(base type)

Memory reprsentation in 2-D array:


char A [2][3]

A[0][0] A[0][1] A[0][2] A[1][0] A[1][1] A[1]


[2]

5001 5002 5003 5004 5005 5006


MULTI DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
An array with dimensions more than
two .The maximum limit of array is compiler
dependent

Declaration:
Data_type name [a][b][c][d][e][f]…….[n];

Array of 3 or more dimensional are not often


use because of huge memory requirement
and complexity involved
EXAMPLE PROGRAMS:
ARRAY INITIALIZATION:
C++ provides the facility of array initialization at the time of
declaration .General form of array initialization is as:
Type array_name[size 1]…..[size N] ={vale list};

Eg:
Int days_month[12]={31,25,29,03,31,19,20,31,18,20,31,29};

Char string[6]={‘a’,’r’,’g’,’y’,’d’,’\0’};

2-D array are also initialized in same way as linear array


Int cube[4][2]={ 1,3,
4,6,
9,37,
5,78
};
UNSIZED ARRAY INITIALIZATION:

C++ allowed you to skip the size of array in an array initialization


statement C++ automatically create an array big enough to hold
all the initializers present
Char S1[] =“ first string ”;

you skip the size, you must give list of initializers so that C++ can
calculate the size of array
Int val []={3,5,6,2,8,9,6,4};
Int cube [] [2] ={ 1,3,

67,7,
6,87,
};
STRING AS ARRAY:
C++ does not have a String data type ,it
impairments string as 1-D character
Arrray .A string as a character array is
terminate by a null character ‘\0’

Char str 1 [11];

Char square [][]={ ‘first string’,


‘second string’,
‘third string’
};
SORTING ARRAYS:
Sorting is a process of arranging
the value of array in a particular
order. An array can be sorted in
two order.

oAscending Order
oDescending Order
THANK YOU

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