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Memory Hierarchy Basics

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27 views12 pages

Memory Hierarchy Basics

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chi.cka0006
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture

on
“Advanced Computer Architecture –TCS 704”
by
Akansha Gupta

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND


ENGINEERING
GRAPHIC ERA DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY – 248002
Memory Hierarchy
Introduction
Memory Hierarchy
This Memory Hierarchy Design is divided into 2
main types:
 External Memory or Secondary Memory –

Comprising of Magnetic Disk, Optical Disk,


Magnetic Tape i.e. peripheral storage devices
which are accessible by the processor via I/O
Module.
 Internal Memory or Primary Memory –

Comprising of Main Memory, Cache Memory &


CPU registers. This is directly accessible by
the processor.
We can infer the following characteristics of Memory Hierarchy
Design from above figure:
 Capacity:

It is the global volume of information the memory can store. As


we move from top to bottom in the Hierarchy, the capacity
increases.
 Access Time:

It is the time interval between the read/write request and the


availability of the data. As we move from top to bottom in the
Hierarchy, the access time increases.
 Performance:

Earlier when the computer system was designed without Memory


Hierarchy design, the speed gap increases between the CPU
registers and Main Memory due to large difference in access
time. This results in lower performance of the system and thus,
enhancement was required. This enhancement was made in the
form of Memory Hierarchy Design because of which the
performance of the system increases. One of the most significant
ways to increase system performance is minimizing how far
down the memory hierarchy one has to go to manipulate data.
 Cost per bit:

As we move from bottom to top in the Hierarchy, the cost per bit
Advantages of Memory Hierarchy

The need for a memory hierarchy includes


the following.
 Memory distributing is simple and

economical
 Removes external destruction
 Data can be spread all over
 Permits demand paging & pre-paging
 Swapping will be more proficient
CPU vs. Memory: Performance
vs Latency
Memory Hierarchy
Memory Hierarchy Design
Considerations
Performance and Power for
Caches
https://youtu.be/MPBJuwzG-ss

THANKS

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