Blood and

Lymph
Systems
 Combining Forms
Combining Form Meaning Combining Meaning
Form
adenoid/o adenoids morph/o shape; form
angi/o vessel (blood) path/o disease
hem/o blood phleb/o vein
kary/o nucleus splen/o spleen
leuk/o white thym/o thymus
 Prefixes
Prefix Meaning
anti- against
con- together; with
macro- large
meta- change; beyond
poly- many; much
 Suffixes
Suffix Meaning
-blast developing cell
-crit to separate
-emic pertaining to blood condition
-phage eat; swallow
-plasm formation; structure
-poiesis formation
 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Meaning
CBC complete blood count
eos eosinophils
HCT, Hct hematocrit
Hgb, hgb hemoglobin
RBC red blood cell; red blood cell count
WBC white blood cell; white blood cell
count
 Functions of the
Blood
• Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
– Carry oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to body
cells
– Remove wastes (carbon dioxide)
• Leukocytes (white blood cells)
– Defend against infection and disease
• Thrombocytes (platelets)
– Aid in coagulation
• Bone marrow
– creates new red and white blood cells
 Fluid Systems of the
Body
• Blood—part of the circulatory or cardiovascular
system
– Found in arteries and veins
– The pH of blood ranges from 7.35 to 7.45
• Lymph—part of the lymphatic system
– defends body against infection and disease
– contains white blood cells
– controls fluid balance by taking excess fluid from
organs and returning it to the bloodstream
 Structure of the
Blood
• Blood cells
– formed elements; red blood cells, white
blood cells, platelets
– classified into three groups: erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
• Plasma
– liquid component
– makes up more than half of the blood
Plasma • Proteins
• Water – Albumin
• Hormones • maintains water level
• Sugar – Globulin
• • immune response
Salts
– Fibrinogen
• Waste products
• blood clotting; bridges
between platelets
– Prothrombin
• blood clotting in blood
vessels
 Erythrocytes
• Manufactured in the bone marrow
• Contain hemoglobin, which allows them to carry
oxygen
• Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout
the body
Thrombocytes
• Also called platelets
• Cell fragments that have broken off of
megakaryocytes
• Aid in coagulation (blood clotting)
 Leukocytes - White Blood

Cells

Erythrocytes - Red Blood

Cells

Plasma - Liquid

Component

Thrombocytes -
Quick Intro: Veins and Arteries
● Arteries - transport blood away
from the heart
● Capillaries - microscopic channels
that supplies blood to the tissues
themselves
● Vein - blood vessel that moves blood
toward the heart.

Aorta > artery > arteriole >

capillary > venule > vein >
vena cava
Crash Course
 Labelin
g
Lymphatic System Organs
 Leukocytes
• Manufactured mainly
in the bone marrow
• Defend the body
against harmful
substances
• Types include
– granulocytes
(polymorphonuclea
r) - Contain
granules
– agranulocytes
(mononuclear) - do
 Leukocytes
• Granulocytes
– Neutrophils (phagocytes)
• destroys harmful pathogens
• eat or swallow for removal
– Eosinophils
• secretes chemicals that attack
parasites
• allergic reactions
– Basophils
• contain histamine; the allergy
response chemical
 Leukocytes
• Agranulocytes
• lymphocytes
– immune surveillance
– detects and destroys
foreign cells

• monocytes
– ingest and dispose of dead
or dying cells and tissues
Gimkit
Lymphatic/Immune System
 Functions of the Immune
System
• Protects the body from pathogens
• Not contained within a single set of organs
includes;
– integumentary system
– respiratory system
– digestive system
– lymphatic system
 Lymphocytes
• T lymphocytes (T cells) - Cells
that multiply when in contact
with a pathogen.
– Cytotoxic, Helper, Natural
killer, and Suppressor cells
• B lymphocytes (B cells) -
Lymphocytes that kill and help
get rid of pathogens.

Types of Antibodies
—->
 Types of Immunity
• Natural immunity -
already within the body
when you are born
– Phagocytosis
– Macrophages
– Natural killer (NK) cells
• Acquired immunity -
– Immunity developed
during your life
Blood and
Lymphatic
Conditions
Review
Diseases
of the
Blood
We are going to
watch a 5 minute
video. Watch for
the cause of
thalassemia!
 What is the
cause of
thalassemia?
Genetic mutation in
the DNA component
of hemoglobin
 Diseases of the Blood

Hemophilia

Anemi hem/o/
a
philia
an inherited bleeding
disorder in which the blood
an/emia does not clot properly
The body lacks enough
red blood cells to carry
enough oxygen. There Polycythemia
are more than 400 types
of anemia! Poly/cyt/o/
emia
causes the blood to thicken
and become more difficult to
flow, which can lead to
serious health issues.
Practice
 Diseases of the Lymph

lymphom autoimmune
a disease
cancer of the lymphatic system disease in which the immune
Prevention: keep your immune system begins to attack cells
system healthy by drinking of the patient’s own body,
water, eating healthy fats, and causing chronic inflammation
exercise
and significant damage
 Tests and Procedures

Immunothera
Chemotherapy Serology Test Apheresis py
a drug treatment test screens a separation of blood treatment of disease
that uses powerful person's blood for into its component by activating or
chemicals to kill fast- antigen-antibody parts suppressing the
growing cells in your reactions a / pheresis immune system.
body.
Healthy Lymphatic Systems
1. Drink plenty of water.
2. Eat a healthy diet
3. Include healthy fats in your diet.
4. Exercise daily, including both aerobic and
anaerobic physical activity.
5. Avoid pollutants, toxic substances and
unhealthy environments.
6. Learn to manage stress through techniques
such as yoga, meditation and exercise to
promote wellness.
Crash Course: Lymphatic System