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Course 1 Module 11 Lesson 5

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3 views10 pages

Course 1 Module 11 Lesson 5

Uploaded by

Yanet Cesaire
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Systems Program

Module 11
Normalization Concepts and Practice

Lesson 5: Normalization problems


Lesson Objectives
• Gain confidence on practice problems
• Identify modification anomalies
• Identify sample rows that falsify FDs
• Apply both conversion rules and normalization

Information Systems Program


Modification Anomaly Problem
Big University Table
StdNo StdCity StdClass OfferNo OffTerm OffYear EnrGrade CourseNo CrsDesc
S1 SEATTLE JUN O1 FALL 2017 3.5 C1 DB
S1 SEATTLE JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.3 C2 VB
S2 BOTHELL JUN O3 SPRING 2018 3.1 C3 OO
S2 BOTHELL JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.4 C2 VB

Problem requirements
• Specify one insert, update, and deletion anomaly
• Each anomaly should involve student representation
in the table.

Information Systems Program


Modification Anomaly Problem Solution
Big University Table
StdNo StdCity StdClass OfferNo OffTerm OffYear EnrGrade CourseNo CrsDesc
S1 SEATTLE JUN O1 FALL 2017 3.5 C1 DB
S1 SEATTLE JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.3 C2 VB
S2 BOTHELL JUN O3 SPRING 2018 3.1 C3 OO
S2 BOTHELL JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.4 C2 VB

Problem solution
• Insertion anomaly: cannot insert a student (S3)
unless an OfferNo is provided.
• Update anomaly: must change multiple rows if S1
moves to a different city.
• Deletion anomaly: deleting third row also removes
details about offering O3 and course C3. 4

Information Systems Program


FD Falsification Problem
Big University Table
StdNo StdCity StdClass OfferNo OffTerm OffYear EnrGrade CourseNo CrsDesc
S1 SEATTLE JUN O1 FALL 2017 3.5 C1 DB
S1 SEATTLE JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.3 C2 VB
S2 BOTHELL JUN O3 SPRING 2018 3.1 C3 OO
S2 BOTHELL JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.4 C2 VB

Problem requirements
• List possible FDs with StdCity as determinant (LHS)
• Identify at least one falsification if it exists for each
FD
o Pair of sample rows for an FD falsification
o Same LHS (determinant) value in each row but a different
RHS value
5

Information Systems Program


FD Falsification Problem Solution
Big University Table
StdNo StdCity StdClass OfferNo OffTerm OffYear EnrGrade CourseNo CrsDesc
S1 SEATTLE JUN O1 FALL 2017 3.5 C1 DB
S1 SEATTLE JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.3 C2 VB
S2 BOTHELL JUN O3 SPRING 2018 3.1 C3 OO
S2 BOTHELL JUN O2 FALL 2017 3.4 C2 VB

FD Falsification List
FD Falsifications
StdCity  OfferNo (1,2), (3,4)
StdCity  OffTerm (3,4)
StdCity  EnrGrade ?, ?
StdCity  CourseNo ?, ?
StdCity  CrsDesc ?, ?
StdCity  OffYear ?, ?
StdCity  StdNo None
StdCity  StdClass ?,?
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Information Systems Program


Conversion/Normalization Problem
Position
Student
PosID
StdID Interview Name
Name InterviewID
Phone Attends Date
Email Time
Web BldgName Available
Major RoomNo
Minor RoomType
GPA CompPos
AdviserNo City
AdviserName State
Conducts

Offers
Interviewer
InterviewerID Company
Name
WorksFor CompID
Phone
CompName
Email

Problem requirements
• Convert the ERD into tables using the conversion rules
• For each table, list FDs and split if the table violates BCNF.
7

Information Systems Program


Conversion Rule Application
• Student, Interview
Entity type • Interviewer
rule • Company
• Position, CompPos

1-M • Interview: StdId (O), InterviewerId (O)


relationship • Interviewer: CompId
• CompPos: CompId, PosId
rule

M-N • Not used


relationship
rule

Identifying
• CompPos.PosId (PK)
relationship
• CompPos.CompId (PK)
rule
8

Information Systems Program


Additional Normalization
• Only list FDs not implied by PKs
• Additional FDs
– AdviserNo ® AdviserName
– Possible FD: BldgName, RoomNo ® RoomType
– Possible FD: RoomNo ® BldgName, RoomType

Information Systems Program


Summary
• Practice using sample rows to falsify FDs
• Practice combining conversion and normalization
• Useful practical skills

10

Information Systems Program

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