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87 views8 pages

Variables

Uploaded by

Victor Ogal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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NORTH COAST MEDICAL

TRAINING COLLEGE
Department of Community
Health and Development

Lecturer : Mr. Ogal Victor


Topic : Types of Research Variables
Date : 20th November 2024
Time : 10:45am – 1:00pm
Definition: Variable
 A measurable characteristic that assumes
different values among the subjects.
 Some variables are expressed;
a) Quantitatively e.g. Age- years, height- meters,
are- square meters, weight- kilograms.
b) Categories e.g. occupation- teacher, lawyer etc,
gender- male or female, color- pink, yellow, purple
etc
Types of variables
 The two main variables in an experiment are
the independent and dependent variable.
1. An Independent variable is the variable that is
changed or controlled in a scientific experiment
to test the effects on the dependent variable.
2. A dependent variable is the variable being
tested and measured in a scientific experiment.
Types of variables Contd’
 There can be many variables in an experiment,
but the two key variables that are always present
are the independent and dependent variable
 Theindependent variable is the one that the
researcher intentionally changes or controls
 Thedependent variable is the factor that the
research measures. It changes in response to the
independent variable or depends upon it.
 Onemay consider the independent and
dependent variables in terms of cause and effect.
The dependent variable experiences an impact
when the independent variable is altered.
 Recallthat both variables' recorded values are
subject to change during an experiment. The
dependent variable's value only fluctuates in
reaction to the independent variable, although
the independent variable's value is controlled by
the investigator.
Examples
Let's take an example where you would like to know if
eating breakfast has an impact on a student's test results.
You can tell that breakfast is the independent variable
because it is a factor that the experimenter can influence.
Students who ate breakfast and those who did not are
compared on test scores in this experiment. The test
outcomes are the dependent variable since they depend on
breakfast in theory. Even if it turns out that there is no
correlation between test scores and breakfast, keep in mind
that test scores are the dependent variable.

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