COMPUTER HARDWARE

SERVICING
 LESSON TOPICS

- Major Hardware Components

- Cables and Connectors
- Computer Tools
- OHS
 LESSON OBJECTIVEs

• At the end of the period, the students are

expected to:
• 1. identify the three generations of computers
• 2. enumerate three types of computers
• 3. describe the characteristics for each type
• 4. classify computers according to types
COMPUTER GENERATIONS
 First generation: 1937 – 1946

 In 1937 the first electronic digital

computer was built by Dr. John
V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry.
 It was called the Atanasoff-Berry
Computer (ABC)
• Atanasoff-Berry Computer
(ABC)
 MAINFRAME COMPUTER

• - BIG computers
 ENIAC
The title of forefather of today's all-
electronic digital computers is usually
awarded to ENIAC, which stood for
Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Calculator.
The first general– purpose digital
computer that uses vacuum tubes
 Weighed 30 tons, and had 18,000
vacuum tubes
 Second generation: 1947 – 1962
 used transistors instead of
vacuum tubes which were more
reliable
 In 1951 the first computer for
commercial use was introduced
to the public; the Universal
Automatic Computer (UNIVAC 1)
 Third generation: 1963 - present
 The invention of integrated circuit
brought us the third generation of
computers
 With this invention computers
became smaller, more powerful
more reliable and they are able to
run many different programs at
the same time
 MINI COMPUTER
A midsized computer.
Known as cabinet
computers
MICROCOMPUTER
 a small, relatively
inexpensive
computer with a
microprocessor as
its central
processing unit
(CPU).
 Activity
• Direction: Name the computer and classify the following computers according to its
generation
• A. First Generation B. Second Generation C. Third Generation

1. • Atanasoff-
Berry
Computer
(ABC)
• First
generation
 Activity
• Direction: Name the computer and classify the following computers according to its
generation
• A. First Generation B. Second Generation C. Third Generation

2.
• Microcompute
r
• Third
Generation
 Activity
• Direction: Name the computer and classify the following computers according to its
generation
• A. First Generation B. Second Generation C. Third Generation

3.
• Mainframe
• Second
Generation
 LESSON OBJECTIVEs

• At the end of the period, the students are

expected to:
• 1. enumerate three types of computers
• 2. describe the characteristics for each type
• 3. classify computers according to types
 WHAT IS COMPUTER?
A computer is an electronic device
that manipulates information, or
“data.” It has the ability
to store, retrieve, & process data.
You can use a computer to type
documents, send email, and browse
the internet.
 What are the different types of
computers?

 When you withdraw cash from an

ATM, scan groceries at the store,
or use a calculator, you're using a
type of computer.
 A. Desktop computers

Also called as Personal Computer (PC)

B. Laptop computers
 Laptop computers
 A laptop computer is sometimes
called a notebook
computer because of its size.
 More portable than desktop
computers, allowing you to use them
almost anywhere.
C. Servers
 Servers
 A server is a computer that "serves
up" information to other computers
on a network.
 Servers also play an important role
in making the Internet work: They
are where webpages are stored.
When you use your browser to
click a link, a web server delivers
the page you requested.
 PCs and Macs
 Personal computers come in
two main styles: PC and Mac.
PC Macintosh or Mac
 PC
This is the most common type of
personal computer, and it typically
includes the Microsoft
Windows operating system.
 • BILL GATES

founder of Microsoft,
the world’s largest
PCsoftware company
William Henry Gates
(born October 28, 1955) is an American
business magnate, investor, author and
philanthropist.
• During his career at Microsoft, Gates held
the positions of chairman, CEO and
chief software architect, and was the
largest individual shareholder until May
2014. Gates has authored and co-
authored several books.
• Gates is currently the richest person in
the world, with an estimated net worth of
US$81.7 billion as of November 2016.
 STEVE JOBS
founder,
chairman, and
CEO of Apple
Inc.
• Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs (February 24,
1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American
businessman, inventor, and industrial
designer. He was the co-founder,
chairman, and chief executive officer
(CEO) of Apple Inc.;
• CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar;a
member of The Walt Disney Company's
board of directors following its acquisition
of Pixar; and founder, chairman, and CEO
• Jobs is widely recognized as a pioneer of
the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s
and 1980s, along with Apple co-founder
Steve Wozniak.
 MACINTOSH OR MAC
 All Macs are made by one
company, Apple Inc., and they
almost always use the Mac OS
X operating system.
 Activity
• Direction: Identify the following computers
1. This is the most common type of
personal computer, and it typically
includes the Microsoft
Windows operating system.

• PC
2. Sometimes called a notebook
computer because of its size. More
portable than desktop.

• LAPTOP
3. Also called as Personal
Computer (PC)

• Desktop
4. A computer that "serves up"
information to other computers on a
network.

• Server
5. Who is the founder of Microsoft
Office?

• Bill Gates
 Components of Computer

1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Peopleware
 Components of Computer

1. Hardware - the physical, touchable,

electronic and mechanical parts of a
computer system.
 part of your computer that has
a physical structure
Example: monitor,
keyboard
 Objectives
1. identify the major computer hardware
components
2. describe the function of system unit
3. classify types of system unit
4. label the parts of system unit
5. value the importance of proper handling
of component
 WHAT IS COMPUTER?
A computer is an electronic device
that manipulates information, or
“data.” It has the ability
to store, retrieve, & process data.
You can use a computer to type
documents, send email, and browse
the internet.
• Give examples of computer component
inside the system unit or PC case
 Major hardware components of a computer system

1. System Unit
2. Motherboard / Mainboard /
System Board
3. CPU (Central Processing
Unit)
4. Primary storage
5. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
6. Optical Drive
7. Northbridge
8. Southbridge
9. Power Supply Unit (PSU)
SYSTEM
UNIT
 A. Major Hardware Components of a Computer System

1. System Unit
The main part of a microcomputer,
sometimes called with the following
names:
 Chassis
 Tower
 Base unit
 Case
• It houses all of the components
and devices that make up a
computer
Parts of System Unit
 TYPES OF SYSTEM UNIT
CASE
A.Full tower case
B.Mid-tower case
C.Mini-tower case
D.Desktop case
Full Tower
Cases
 A. Full Tower Cases
• The largest PC case
• 2 feet tall
• Provides maximum amount of interior
space for a variety of drives and
expansion cards
• Four (4) external drive bays for CD-
ROM, CD-RW, and DVD-ROM
• 2 external floppy disk
• 3-5 hard drives
B. Mid-tower
case
 B. Mid-tower case
• 20 inches high
• 3 external drive bays
• 1 external floppy drive bay
Mid-Tower Case
C. Mini-tower
case
 C. Mini -Tower Case
• Smaller and a little wider than a
mid-tower case
• 2 external bays
• One internal bay for hard disk
• Not a good choice for upgrading
Mini-Tower Case
 D. Desktop Case
• A desktop case lies flat on its
larger side
• Desktop cases are designed to sit
on desk with a monitor resting on
top of them
Desktop Case
 HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE
SYSTEM UNIT

• Free from dust

• Use correct screw driver for
opening the computer case
• Slide the cover gently
 T Y
V I Parts of System Unit
T I
A C

1
2 4
3
5
6 8
9
7
 OBJECTIVES
1. identify motherboard and CPU
2. describe their function
3. value proper handling of components
2. Motherboard
2. Motherboard – known in the
following names:
• Mainboard
• System Board
- The main circuit board of a computer.
It contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer.
 HOW TO HANDLE
MOTHEBOARD
• Do not touch components within
the CPU socket area
• Hold it from the corners/sides
3. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- The processor is the main “brain”
or “heart” of a computer system.
- Accept input & performs
instructions and calculations
HOW TO HANDLE PROCESSOR
• Processors are very
susceptible to shock, make
sure to handle them from the
corners/ sides.
• Don’t touch the Integrated
Circuit (IC) pins
 ACTIVITY
Directions: Identify the parts of motherboard
2 3
6
9
4

1
4. Primary storage
(internal storage, main memory or
memory) is the computer's working
storage space that holds data,
instructions for processing and
processed data (information) waiting to
be sent to secondary storage. Physically,
primary storage is a collection of RAM
chips.
 Two (2) Types of Memory
1. ROM – Read Only Memory
2.RAM – Random Access Memory
 Two (2) Types of Memory
1. ROM – (Read Only Memory)
ROM is non-volatile, meaning it
holds data even when the power
is ON or OFF.
 TWO KINDS OF ROM

1. BIOS- Basic Input Output

System
consists of low-level software
check the hardware
 TWO KINDS OF ROM

2.
Complimentary
Metal Oxide
Semiconductor
(CMOS)
 CMOS-Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

 a small separate block of

memory made from CMOS RAM
chips kept alive by a battery
(known as a CMOS battery) even
when the PC’s power is off.
This prevents reconfiguration
when the PC is powered on.
The CMOS RAM is used to store basic
Information about the PC’s configuration
e.g.
• Floppy disk and hard disk drive types
• CPU
• RAM size
• Date and time
• Serial and parallel port information
• Plug and Play information
• Power Saving settings
 Two (2) Types of Memory
1. ROM – Read Only Memory
2.RAM – Random Access Memory
 Two (2) Types of Memory
2.RAM–(Random Access Memory)
RAM is volatile, meaning it holds
data only when the power is on.
When the power is off, RAM's
contents are lost.
 How to Take Care of RAM
Hold it from the corners/sides
Don’t touch the Integrated Circuit
(IC) pins
 Use pencil eraser to clean
memory card and adapter
 Use folded paper to clean
memory slot and expansion bus
Memory Slot is a special slot for
inserting a memory card
 5. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
• Also known as hard drive
• used as permanent storage for data.
• the hard drive is usually configured as
the C: drive and contains the
operating system and applications.
Hard Disk
Drive
 WHERE ARE THE
PROGRAMS
• Computer off, programs stored
in hard drive
• Computer on, programs stored
temporarily in RAM
How to take care of Hard Disk Drive

1. Don't remove too often and put

back into the hard disk for CPU.
2. Hard hit by turmoil very
sensitive, then the data in the
hard disk data loss risk.
 6. Optical Drive
 An optical drive is a storage
device that uses lasers to read
data on the optical media.
 ACTIVITY
Direction: Identify the following components
and give their function
• RAM
• Temporary
storage of data
ACTIVITY

• CMOS Battery
• Computer
Configuration
ACTIVITY

• Hard disk
• Permanent
storage of data
There are three types of optical
drives:

1. Compact Disc (CD),

2. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
3. Blu-ray Disc (BD)
 Compact Disk (CD)
 A compact disc sometimes (CD)
for electronically recording,
storing, and playing back audio,
video, text, and other information
in digital form.
 How to take care of CD
• DO NOT touch the data side of the disk (the
side of the disk with no label).
• DO NOT apply paper labels or write on any
part of the disk, data side or label side.
• If dust or fingerprints get on to the disk, wipe
with a dry cloth from the center of the disk to
the edge.
• DO NOT place the disk in any place where
it will be subjected to direct sunlight or high
temperature.
 7. NorthBridge
 (also called the memory controller)
in charge of controlling transfers
between the processor and the
RAM and the AGP
is sometimes called the GMCH,
for Graphic and Memory Controller
Hub.
Northbridge
 8. SouthBridge
(also called the input/output
controller or expansion controller)
Handles communication of hard
drive and expansion bus
Southbridge
 9. Power Supply
Installed in the back corner of
the PC case
converts 120vac (standard
house power) into DC
voltages that are used by
other components in the PC.
CPU FAN

HEAT SINK
How to take care of power supply

1.) ALWAYS use a surge protector.

Lighting, power outages, power spikes
etc, can cause your power supply to fail
prematurely, if a surge protector is not
used at all times.
2. ) Use Automatic Voltage Regulator
(AVR)
3.) Keep your power supply clean.
• SURGE PROTECTOR
AVR
4. Use a UPS (Uninterruptible
Power Supply) or Stavolt.
• UPS
CONNECTORS
Male connector is a connector
attached to a wire, cable, or piece of
hardware, having one or more
exposed, unshielded
electrical terminals, and constructed
in such a way that it can be inserted
snugly into a receptacle ( female
connector ) to ensure a reliable
physical and electrical connection .
female connector is a connector
attached to a wire, cable, or piece of
hardware, having one or more
recessed holes with electrical
terminals inside, and constructed in
such a way that a plug with exposed
conductors ( male connector ) can be
inserted snugly into it
 D. The Ports and their function

What is a Port?
 In computer hardware, a port
serves as an interface between
the computer and other
computers or peripheral devices.
 generic term for any connector
on the back of the PC
 Connect external devices
(mouse, keyboard, headphones)
or peripherals (monitor, back-up
drive, etc) to the computer
 TYPES OF PORTS
1. Serial Port
Intended for serial type mouse
and older camera
 TYPES OF PORTS
2. Parallel Port
Also called as printer port. This is
only for old model printer. It has 25
pins. It is a female port.
3. VGA (Video Graphic Array) Port
Used to connect monitors. It has 15
pins and it is a female port.
4. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port
• High speed serial interface that is
used with almost all devices. It is used
to connect latest model printers,
pen drives, cell phones etc.
• It has 4 pins.
5. PS/2 Port – Personal System
Simple, 6-pin, low-speed serial
connections commonly dedicated
to a keyboard and mouse.
6. Power Port
Intended for power cord.
7. S-Video Port
S-Video connections are available
on certain source components
and video display devices, and
offer a higher level of video
performance over composite
video signals.
8. Audio Port
Intended for plugging in the
speaker or headset.
9. LAN (Local Area Networking) Port
A physical interface often used for
terminating twisted pair type cables
used to connect computers onto a
local-area networks (LAN), especially
Ethernet RJ-45 connectors
 E. Cables and Wires

 A cable is most often two or

more wires running side by side
and bonded, twisted or braided
together to form a single
assembly, but can also refer to a
heavy strong rope.
 Connector/Plug/Jack
- refer to the piece that inserts
into a port
1. Mouse &
keyboard jacks
- intended for the
PS/2 port
specifically for PS/2
type of keyboard
and mouse.
2. Audio & Microphone jack
- intended for the audio and
microphone port.
3. S-video jack
- for S-Video port
4. Monitor
Jack
- intended for
the VGA
(Video
Graphic
Array) port
5.USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug
- intended for USB port. Modern or
new model of peripherals like printer,
camera, scanners and even other
portable computer attachments used
USB type of plugs.
6. printer cable jack
- intended for the parallel port
7. Registered Jack (RJ 45)
standardized networking interface
and the "45" simply refers to the
number of the interface standard)
is a type of connector commonly
used for Ethernet networking.
8. Power Cord
the most important cord because
it connects the computer to the
main source of electricity to make
it functional.
 HARD DRIVE CABLES

Three main types of hard drive

data cables:
1. IDE/PATA
2. SATA
3. SCSI
1. IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
 known as PATA (Parallel Advance
Technology Attachment) drives, are
commonly found in personal
computers. These drives usually are
found only in older computers.
 An IDE/PATA hard drive cable is a
ribbon cable containing 40 pins.
Either one or two devices may be
connected to an IDE/PATA cable.
2. SATA Cable (Serial Advance
Technology Attachment)
 A SATA hard drive cable has seven
conductors and is smaller than an
IDE/PATA cable. A SATA cable connects
a single hard drive to a single connector
on the SATA controller, which is usually
found on the computer's motherboard.
3. SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)
 SCSI cables look similar to IDE/PATA cables in
that both drives use ribbon cables. However, SCSI
cables have more pins than IDE cables.
Depending on the SCSI interface, a SCSI cable
may have 50 or 68 pins (IDE/PATA drives have
40). Like IDE, multiple SCSI devices can be
connected to a single channel through "daisy
chaining." Depending on the SCSI interface, as
many as 7 or 15 devices may be connected to a
single SCSI channel.
 Power Connector

 an electrical connector for

supplying direct current (DC)
power
 P4 Power Connector

 A 12V power supply cable used

with motherboards that have
an Intel Pentium 4 processor
 Supply additional power to the
motherboard
TOOLS
 COMPUTER TOOLS
WHAT ARE TOOLS?
A tool is a handheld device that aids
in accomplishing a task.
 HARDWARE TOOLS
• To complete hardware repairs, it
is important to have a toolkit that
should contain all of the
necessary tools.
 COMPUTER TOOLS

• Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)

tools
• Hand tools
• Cleaning tools
• Diagnostic tools
 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools

WHAT IS ESD?
Static electricity is easily generated
by friction on carpets, tile flooring,
clothing, hair, fabric, and etc. The
friction of moving air alone will charge
suspended particles and cause the
buildup of static electrical charges on
people and objects in the environment.
1. Anti-static wrist strap
• used to prevent ESD damage to computer
equipment.
2. Anti-static mat
• used to stand on or place
hardware on to prevent static
electricity from building up.
 Hand Tools
• A hand tool is a device for
performing work on a material
using only hands.
1. Flat head screwdriver
• used to loosen or tighten slotted
screws.
2. Philips Head Screwdriver
- Used to loosen or tighten cross-
head screws.
3. Torx Screwdriver
- Used to loosen or tighten screws
that have a star-like depression
on the top, a feature that is mainly
found on laptop.
Torx Screwdriver
4. Hex Driver
- Sometimes called a nut driver, is
used to tighten nuts in the same
way that a screwdriver tightens
screws.
5. Needle-Nose Pliers
– Used to hold small parts.
6. Wire Cutter
- Used to strip and cut wires.
7. Tweezers – Used to manipulate
small parts.
8. Part Retriever – Used to retrieve
parts from location that is too
small for your hand to fit.
9. Flashlight – Used to light up areas
that you cannot see well.
 Cleaning Tools
• Using these tools ensures that
computer components are not
damaged during cleaning.
1. Lint-free cloth – used to
clean different computer
components without scratching
or leaving debris.
2. Compressed air
used to blow away dust and
debris from different computer
parts without touching the
components.
3. Cable ties
- used to bundle cables neatly
inside and outside of a computer.
4. Parts Organizer – Used to hold
screw, jumpers, fasteners and
other small parts and prevents
them from getting mixed together.
 Diagnostic Tools
• Here's the most popular tools for
diagnosing your computer
problems:
1. Multimeter – Used to test the integrity of
circuits and the quality of electricity in
computer components.
2. Loopback Adapter
– Used to test the functionality of
computer ports.
• Use the proper type and size of
screwdriver by matching it to the
screw.
• Do not over tighten screws
because the threads may become
stripped.
CAUTION: If excessive force is
needed to remove or add a
component, something may be
wrong.
CAUTION: Before cleaning any
device, turn it off and unplug the
device from the power source.
REVIEW
 Tool to prevent
electrostatic
 ESD Tools electricity
 • tools ensures
that computer

components
Cleaning
Tools
are not
damaged
during
cleaning.
 • tools for
diagnosing

your
Diagnostic
Tools
computer
problems
 • tools for
diagnosing

your
Diagnostic
Tools
computer
problems
 Flat head screwdriver

• used to loosen or tighten slotted

screws.
 Philips Head Screwdriver

- Used to loosen or tighten cross-head

screws.
 Torx Screwdriver

- Used to loosen or tighten screws that have a

star-like depression on the top, a feature
that is mainly found on laptop.
 Hex Driver

- Sometimes called a nut driver, is used to

tighten nuts in the same way that a
screwdriver tightens screws.
 Lint-free cloth
used to clean different computer
components without scratching or leaving
debris.
 Compressed air

used to blow away dust and debris from

different computer parts without touching the
components.
 Parts Organizer
Used to hold screw, jumpers, fasteners and
other small parts and prevents them from
getting mixed together.
Proper Use of Cleaning Materials
 COMPONENTS TO CLEAN CLEAN WITH:
Cleaning solution/dishwashing
Computer case
liquid and lint free cloth
Lint free cloth and cleaning
Mouse
solution/glass cleaner
Brush, lint free cloth, mini
Keyboard
vacuum cleaner
Cleaning
Monitor solution/solution/dishwashing
liquid and lint free cloth

Speaker Brush and lint free cloth

Cooling fan Brush, compressed air

 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Chemical
hazard
- Any hazard
that results
from the
accidental
caused by
toxic chemical.
2. Desktop computer
- Is a personal computer (PC) in a form
intended for stationary use.
3. Electric
shock
- Characterized
by pain and
muscular
spasm cause
by an electric
current.
4. Elimination
- The process of removing the
hazard from the workplace.
5. Ergonomics
- The science of designing the
workplace environment to fit the
user.
6. Hazard
- A situation that has the potential
to harm the health and safety of
people.
7. Hazard control
- The development of systems to
prevent accidents or injuries.
8. Health
The general
condition of
a person in
all aspects.
9. Housekeeping
Is the systematic
process of
making a home
neat and clean
and in order.
Lesson3: Occupational Health
and Safety Procedures
Mrs. Elenett E. Rosales
 OBJECTIVES
• Define OHS
• Familiarize 5S
• Familiarize the types of hazard
• Recognize the hazard in a
situation
 Acronyms
1. OHS - Stands for Occupational safety
and health
Occupational safety and health (OHS)

 a planned system of working to

prevent illness and injury where
you work by recognizing and
identifying hazards and risks.
2. PPE - Personal protective
equipment
 5S (methodology)
5S is the name of a workplace organization
method that uses a list of five Japanese
words:
• seiri,
• seiton,
• seiso,
• seiketsu,
• shitsuke.
• There are five 5S phases: They can be
translated from the Japanese as
• "sort"
• "set in order"
• "shine",
• "standardize"
• and "sustain"
 Sort
• Remove unnecessary items and dispose of them
properly.
• Make work easier by eliminating obstacles.
• Prevent accumulation of unnecessary items.
• Remove all parts or tools that are not in use.
• Segregate unwanted material from the workplace.
• Don't put unnecessary items at the workplace &
define a red-tagged area to keep those
unnecessary items.
• Waste removal.
 Set In Order
• Arrange all necessary items so that they
can be easily selected for use.
• Prevent loss and waste of time by
arranging work station in such a way that
all tooling / equipment is in close proximity
• Make it easy to find and pick up necessary
items
• Ensure first-in-first-out FIFO basis
 Shine
• Clean your workplace completely
• Use cleaning as inspection
• Prevent machinery and equipment
deterioration
• Keep workplace safe and easy to work
• Keep workplace clean and pleasing to
work in
• When in place, anyone not familiar to the
environment must be able to detect any
problems within 50 feet in 5 secs.
 Standardize
• Standardize the best practices in the work
area.
• Maintain high standards in workplace
organization at all times.
• Maintain orderliness. Maintain everything
in order and according to its standard.
• Everything in its right place.
• Every process has a standard.
 Sustain
• Not Harmful to anyone
• Also translates as "do without being
told".
• Perform regular audits.
• Training and discipline.
• Training is goal-oriented process. Its
resulting feedback is necessary
monthly.
 TYPES OF HAZARD

1. Physical Hazard
2. Mechanical Hazard
3. Electric Shock Hazard
4. Chemical Hazard
 Physical Hazards

 One of the most common physical

hazards involving computer
technicians is cables running
across the floor.
 If you need to temporarily run a cable
across the floor, place a Danger sign
similar to those "wet floor" signs used by
cleaning services.
Other common physical hazards
include:
 leaving tools on top of ladders
placing electronic equipment in
precarious positions or on support
that is not sturdy enough or not
designed for holding electronic
equipment.
Mechanical Hazards
- harmful or danger posing situation
that involves machines mostly in
a working environment.
 Chemical Hazards

 cleaning chemicals
keyboard cleaning chemicals
compressed gas dirt and dust
removers
 Some of these chemicals can be harmful
if accidentally swallowed, get on bare skin,
or get in eyes.
 Before using any chemicals for electronic
equipment always read the warnings and
instructions on the label.
 Be very careful when dealing with inkjet
printer cartridges, or laser printer toner
cartridges. Ink and toner can stain skin,
clothing and carpet.
Electric Shock Hazard
 Electric Shock Hazard

 Inside computers and electronic

equipment, there is a range of
voltages from 3.3 volts to 25 volts,
most of which are harmless.
 But at the power supply, you will
find line voltage, which is a lethal
220 volts.
POWER SUPPLY UNIT (PSU)
CRT Monitor High-Voltage
Hazard
• A CRT monitor has a high-voltage
anode inside it, which can carry a
charge of up to 25,000 volts, and
it can still be holding a high
charge days after the power is
removed.
Safety Precautions
 Safety Precautions when working:

1. Always ground or discharge yourself

before touching any part of the computer.
2. Do not work alone so that there is
someone who can take care of you in case
of accident or emergency.
3. Be careful with the tools that may cause
short circuit.
4. Always pull the cable connector on the
handle and not hold on the cable itself.
5. Use only rubber shoes when
standing on the ground or in a
concrete floor.
6. Make sure that the pins are
properly aligned when connecting
a cable connector.
7. Always power off and unplug the
computer before working on it.
8. Take away any liquid such as mineral
water or soft drinks near your working
area or near computers.
9. Contingency measures during
workplace accidents, fire, and other
emergencies are recognized.
10. Personal protective equipment is
correctly used in accordance with
organization procedures and practice.
11. Hazard/risks in the workplace and
their corresponding indicators are
identified to minimize or eliminate risk
to co‐workers, workplace, and
environment.
12. Take necessary precautions to
protect the component of the
computer from damaged caused by
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD).
13. Hold the components by edges
and do not touch the IC’s.
14. Read and follow instructions on
the manual carefully.
15. Do not use excessive force if
things do not quite slip into place.
Guidelines
 Know the location of fire extinguishers,
how to use them and which to use for
electrical fires and for combustible fires.
 Find an escape route in case a fire gets
out of control.
 Know how to contact emergency
services quickly
 Keep the workspace clean.
 Keep most solvents in a
separate area.
REVIEW
• A hazard that involves machine

MECHANICAL
HAZARD
 Electric Shock Hazard
• A hazard that involves electricity
 Chemical Hazard
• A hazard that involves chemicals
 Physical Hazard
• The most common hazards
 Recognize types of hazard
1. Slippery computer laboratory
floor
Physical Hazard
 Recognize types of hazard
2. Hot components, or sharp edges
of computer devices
Mechanical Hazard
 Recognize types of hazard
3. Laser printer toner

Chemical Hazard
 Recognize types of hazard
4. Obstructed electrical cables

Physical Hazard
 Recognize types of hazard
5. Open CRT monitor

Electric- shock Hazard