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DTB Lecture 1

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6 views17 pages

DTB Lecture 1

Uploaded by

mairaamjadmughal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 1

Contents
• Computer defined
• Basic task of a computer
• Information processing cycle
• Input, process, output, storage
• Set of instructions
• Data and information
• Computer
Commonly operating machine particularly used
for technical, education and research
Computer
• Programmable electronic machine that
performs high speed mathematical or logical
operations.
Computer is capable of:
• Receiving the input
• Processing the data on the basis of given set
of instructions
• Producing the output
• Storing the information (if needed)
Mobile phone/calculator?
Charles Babbage
• Charles Babbage (British mathematician-
polymath
• Invented analytical engine 1822.
• Analytical engine contained:
- Basic flow control (input, storage, output) and
integrated memory
- First general purpose computer concept
Computer Hardware
Computer consists of

 Central Processing Unit (CPU)


 Memory
 Input and Output Devices
Output
 Storage Devices Processor
 BUS Memory
 Communication Devices

Input and
output Storage
Input
Computer Hardware
 Input Devices
Computer Hardware
 Output Devices
Computer Hardware
 The CPU
– manipulates raw data into more useful form
and controls the other parts of the computer
system.
 Primary storage
– temporarily stores data and program instructions
during processing.
 Secondary storage
– devices store data and programs when they are not
being used in processing.
 Input devices
– convert data and instructions into electronic form for
input into the computer.
Computer Hardware

 Output devices
– convert electronic data produced by the computer
system and display them in a form that people
can understand.
 Communication devices
– provide connections between the computer
and communications networks.
Information/data processing cycle
Application areas of computer
• Education
• Military (flights, radars, satellite
communication)
• Medical
• Research (simulators)
• Entertainment
• Business (ATMs online banking)
• Industry (production, construction
• Transportation (ATC, ..)
• Offices (automation, email, MS office)
Data and Information
Data:
A collection of raw facts and figures is called
data.

• Unprocessed facts
• Computer processes the data
• Collected from different sources
• Can be in different forms
Information:
Processed data is called information

Organized and processed data


More meaningful
Used for decision making
Data processing
• The process of converting the data into
information is called data processing

Done by computers
Data is input
Information is output
Also known as computing
Data processing
Example 1

Example 2

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