U20MTPR01-MINI PROJECT

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT FOOD DELIVERY ROBOT

SL.N REGISTER . NAME

o No
1 U21MT012 MAGANTI HEMANTH

2 U21MT018 B.SAIKIRAN

3 U21MT019 VIGNESH

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : Dr. J.DHANASEKAR

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR/MECHATRONICS
BIHER,CHENNAI-73
Objective

Design and develop a semi-autonomous

food delivery robot.
Improve operational efficiency and reduce
human labor.
Enhance customer experience through
consistent and timely service.
Operate in various environments:
restaurants, hospitals, hotels, and aircraft.
Address high-demand scenarios with
limited human resources.
Establish a prototype for future
autonomous upgrades.
INTRODUCTION

The rapid integration of robotics into service industries is

reshaping the landscape of traditional operations.
By automating routine tasks, the robot seeks to enhance
service efficiency, elevate customer satisfaction, and alleviate
the burden of human labor.
The robot's design incorporates a combination of hardware
and software components to enable its autonomous functions.
At its core, the robot is equipped with sensors such as LiDAR
(Light Detection and Ranging) and cameras for accurate
navigation and obstacle avoidance.
These sensors allow the robot to perceive its surroundings,
detect potential collisions, and make real-time adjustments to
its path.
Thirdly, robots can provide a more consistent and reliable service
experience for customers. By eliminating factors such as human error and
fatigue, robots can ensure that food is delivered on time and in the correct
condition.
Despite the numerous advantages of robot-assisted food delivery, there are
also several challenges that need to be addressed. One of the primary
challenges is ensuring the safe and efficient navigation of robots in complex
environments. This requires the development of robust algorithms and
sensors that can accurately perceive and avoid obstacles, such as people,
furniture, and other moving objects.
Looking ahead, the future of robot-assisted food delivery is promising. As
technology continues to advance, we can expect to see robots with even
more sophisticated capabilities, such as the ability to adapt to different
environments, learn from their experiences, and collaborate with human
staff. Ultimately, the goal is to create a seamless and efficient food delivery
system that benefits both businesses and consumers.
LITERATURE REVIEW
 Research indicates a growing trend in the integration of robotics in
service industries, particularly food delivery.
 Semi-autonomous robots are becoming common in high-demand
environments, reducing human labor.
 Studies show robots can provide consistent service in dynamic, high-
traffic environments.
 Effective user-robot interaction is crucial for the success of food
delivery robots.
 Research on navigation and pathfinding emphasizes the need for real-
time adaptability.
 Existing robots often require human intervention to handle complex
tasks such as obstacle avoidance.
 Most semi-autonomous systems rely on predefined paths, limiting
flexibility in dynamic spaces.
 Challenges in robotics include the development of sophisticated
algorithms for dynamic obstacle detection.
 Research highlights that autonomous systems can significantly reduce
service time and improve operational efficiency.
 Studies underscore the importance of ergonomic design and user-
friendly interfaces in improving robot utility.
 In environments like aircrafts, robots face additional challenges due
to confined spaces and passenger interactions.
 “Design and Implementation of an  “Food Delivery Monitoring System with

Autonomous Delivery Robot for Restaurant a Line Follower Robot” Muhammad

Services” Dele Z. Yanmida, Sabur A. Alim Zafran Zulkifily, Mariyam Jamilah
and Abubakar S. Imam(2020) Homam(2021)
 This study introduces a model  The food delivery robot works
delivery robot as a waiter and a autonomously, following a line
wireless system for placing orders. A detection mechanism with
novel approach of table detection turning at 30°, 45°, 90°, and
and localization using RFID in an sharp curves. Arduino Uno is
indoor setting is proposed. The robot used as a microcontroller to
uses an Arduino module to deliver a process and manage input data
cup of drink up to 300gram weight
and control responses for
from the kitchen to the table. An
Android application is developed for
output data. Infrared sensors
placing orders from a customer's are used to recognize the line,
smartphone to a protoboard with a while ultrasonic sensors sense
Bluetooth module in the kitchen. The obstacles and stop tray
robot's performance is evaluated to movement. The monitoring
determine the suitability and system is linked to the Blynk
effectiveness of the RFID-proposed app, which records the time
technique. A promising result was taken for food delivery to reach
observed with an average error of every station.
5%
 “Semi-Autonomous Trolley Cart” Control System Design
 "
Teoh Thean Hin1,*, Tan Wee of an Intelligent Food
Choon2, Siva Prabhu a/l Sunthra
Sakaran1, Alif Mikhail Ahmad
Delivery Robot"Haixia
Asha’ari1, Muhammad Syahrul Zeng, Ziqing Zhang, and
Izwan Shamsul Azhar1, Indiran Yan Hongle(2021)
Manimaran1, Yaalinthiran  The paper "Control System Design of an

Kumaran1 (2021) Intelligent Food Delivery Robot" outlines

a method that involves using sensors
 The "Semi-Autonomous Trolley Cart" project
and control systems to achieve
aims to assist flight attendants by reducing the autonomous movement. The robot is
risk of back injuries caused by pushing heavy equipped with ultrasonic sensors to
trolleys on aircraft. The trolley is equipped detect obstacles, infrared sensors for
line-following capabilities, and a control
with a rocker switch for control and a line- system designed for efficient navigation
following sensor that allows it to move along in service environments. The method
a pre-defined path in the plane's aisle, emphasizes the integration of these
reducing manual effort. This design enables sensors to help the robot avoid
obstacles, follow pre-defined paths, and
smoother, more efficient movement, interact safely in dynamic surroundings,
enhancing the overall efficiency of serving ensuring effective and reliable food
passengers. The project aims to make delivery. The control system relies on
attendants' work easier, especially during long real-time data from these sensors to
flights, and minimize the physical strain on make navigation decisions, optimizing
the robot’s path and ensuring smooth
their backs, which is a common problem in delivery in crowded spaces.
the industry.
 Stability analysis of the food An First Time Use of an Autonomous
delivery robot with suspension Food Delivery Robot: Effects of Affect
and Delivery Scenarios Lindsey” A.
damping structure” Shuhai Malcein1 and Yi-Ching Lee1” (published
Jianga,b,∗, Wei Songa,b, Zhongkai year- 2023)
Zhoua,b, Shangjie Suna,b(2022)
 The study aimed to investigate the impact of
 A food delivery robot with six wheels and users' emotions and delivery outcomes from
sidewalk autonomous delivery robots on their
a suspension dampening system was experience and perception. Participants' emotions
created to provide stability and stress were induced by movie clips and measured using
absorption on challenging terrain. A take- a self-report emotion scale. Two delivery
scenarios were designed to mimic extreme
out box, a movable chassis framework, and outcomes, with the delivered food either on time
a suspension damping structure make up and as expected or late and not as expected.
the robot. The Lagrangian equation is used Results showed that delivery outcomes led to
significantly different user experiences, while
to do a dynamic study of the suspension
induced emotions did not. The study suggests
damping structure and determine the wheel that the quality of the food delivery service is
offset in various driving conditions. The more important than user emotions in prompting
robot's stability is examined in two non- users to use the service again and rating the
robots more favorably. The research was
horizontal movement scenarios involving conducted across various disciplines, including
the front and rear wheels as well as the left Health Sciences, Life & Biomedical Sciences,
and right wheels using the zero-moment Materials Science & Engineering, Social
Sciences & Humanities, and more.
point method.
 Summary of the Literature
 Existing research confirms that food delivery robots enhance
service consistency.
 Semi-autonomous systems follow pre-defined paths and user
commands.
 Challenges include navigation in dynamic environments and
avoiding obstacles.
 Fully autonomous systems require advanced algorithms for real-
time decision making.
 Effective robot-user interaction is essential for improving customer
satisfaction.
 Future work will address the limitations of semi-autonomous
systems.
 Problem Statement

 Current food delivery systems in aircrafts are

heavy and inefficient.
 Existing trolleys are made of materials that
increase fuel consumption.
 Limited ergonomics cause strain on cabin crew
during long flights.
 Mobility is a challenge due to outdated wheels
and locking mechanisms.
 Traditional systems do not comply with modern
aviation standards.
 Frequent maintenance increases operational
costs and reduces lifespan.
Existing and Proposed systems
 Existing System: Relies on manual trolleys, which are heavy, difficult to
maneuver, and lack ergonomic design, causing fatigue for flight
attendants.
 Proposed System: Introduces a lightweight, semi-autonomous food
delivery robot using aerospace-grade materials, reducing weight by up
to 30% for easier handling.
 Existing System: Features basic caster wheels and outdated locking
mechanisms, leading to poor mobility, noise, and instability during
turbulence.
 Proposed System: Incorporates high-quality caster wheels with
advanced locking mechanisms, ensuring smooth, quiet movement and
stability even in turbulent conditions.
 Existing System: Has rigid, inflexible storage compartments and does
not comply with modern safety standards, leading to inefficiencies and
potential risks.
 Proposed System: Offers modular, adaptable storage compartments
and complies with updated aviation safety regulations, while featuring
real-time obstacle avoidance through advanced sensors.
OPERATIONAL FLOWCHART
DESIGN
 HARDWARE COMPONENTS

 Chassis
• Material: High-strength aluminum alloy for durability and
lightweight properties
• Design: Modular design for easy integration of additional
components and future upgrades
 Motors and Wheels
• Motors: High-torque DC motors (12V 50RPM geared DC motors)
for precise control and movement
• Wheels: Two-wheel motor drive system for front wheels.
• Castor Wheels: Castor wheels for enhanced maneuverability in
tight spaces
 Power Supply
• Battery: 12V 10Ah lithium-ion rechargeable battery for extended
operational hours
• Power Management System: Monitors battery levels and
ensures efficient power distribution
 Sensors
• Ultrasonic Sensors: HC-SR04 sensors for obstacle detection and
avoidance
• Infrared Sensors: TCRT5000 sensors for edge detection and path
following
• LIDAR: RPLIDAR A1 360-degree LIDAR sensor for detailed
environmental mapping and advanced navigation
 Microcontroller and Control System
• Microcontroller: Arduino Mega 2560 board for processing sensor
data and controlling the robot’s movements
• Remote Control Module: HC-05 Bluetooth module for remote
control via smartphone app
 Communication Modules
• Bluetooth/Wi-Fi Module: HC-05 Bluetooth module for remote
control communication, with an additional ESP8266 Wi-Fi module for
future internet connectivity enhancements
 Design Software
• Software Used: CATIA for designing the initial sketches and 3D
models of the robot.
The setup include12V DC motors, IR sensors
(TCRT5000), ultrasonic sensors, and Li-ion
battery.
Arduino Mega 2560 used for controlling robot
operations.
IR sensors enable line-following capabilities,
while ultrasonic sensors handle obstacle
detection.
Li-ion battery ensures efficient power supply
for long operation hours.
Software handles real-time navigation, path
planning, and user interactions.
Sensors and motor integration allow for
precise movement in narrow spaces
 COMPONENTS

12V 50RPM geared DC motor 12V 10Ah lithium-ion rechargeable battery

Ultrasonic Sensors: HC-SR04

TCRT5000 infrared sensors
Arduino Mega 2560 board
Overall System
 The semi-autonomous system allows the robot
to follow predefined paths.
 Designed for delivering food in high-demand
environments with limited staff.
 Combines automation with human control for
complex tasks like avoiding obstacles.
 Modular design adapts the robot to different
service environments.
 Navigation sensors ensure safe movement
through crowded or confined spaces.
 Future iterations will focus on full autonomy,
optimizing service efficiency.
Result
 Improved Efficiency: The semi-autonomous robot is expected to reduce
the workload of flight attendants by automating food delivery tasks,
particularly in confined environments like aircraft aisles.
 Smooth Navigation: The robot is designed to follow predefined paths,
ensuring stable movement through narrow aisles, with the ability to
avoid obstacles using ultrasonic and infrared sensors.
 Reduced Human Labor: By automating repetitive tasks like food and
beverage delivery, the robot should allow staff to focus on more critical
or customer-focused responsibilities.
 Scalable Solution: The modular design will make the system adaptable to
different service environments (aircraft, restaurants, hospitals), providing
flexibility for future upgrades.
 Enhanced Customer Experience: By ensuring timely and accurate
service, the robot is expected to improve overall passenger satisfaction
in high-demand situations.
 Future Testing: Once the prototype is complete, testing will focus on
navigation accuracy, obstacle avoidance efficiency, battery life during
long operational hours, and overall impact on service operations.
Conclusion
The semi-autonomous robot improves food delivery
in confined spaces like aircraft.
Reduces human labor by automating repetitive
delivery tasks.
User-friendly interface makes it easy for staff to
operate.
Future work will focus on achieving full autonomy
with real-time pathfinding.
Machine learning integration will allow the robot to
adapt to various environments.
The project lays a strong foundation for future
autonomous food delivery systems in aviation and
other sectors​.
THANK YOU !
EARLY FABRICATION OF OUTER FRAME