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Keyboard

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5 views24 pages

Keyboard

Uploaded by

manalazfar11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Keyboard

What is a keyboard?
• Keyboards are input devices that allow the entry of data
and commands(F1-F12) by simply pressing down keys on
the keyboard.
• Keyboards are a peripheral device.They can be wired or
wireless.
• each character on a keyboard has an ASCII value. Each character
pressed is converted into a digital signal, which the computer interprets.

Peripheral device: those devices which donot work until


the are connected to computer
How do keyboards
work?
The flexible circuit inside of a
keyboard.
Step 1 – The user presses a key
on the keyboard
• The carbon pad on the base of the key hits the circuit
board, completing the circuit
Step 2 – The keyboard detects a
keypress
• The microcontroller in the keyboard detects which key
that has been pressed by sending electrical pulses
through the circuits running under the base of each key.
Step 3 – The keyboard sends the
scan code to the computer
• The microcontroller sends an interrupt signal via a USB
serial connection (or Bluetooth) to the computer,
informing the processer that a key has been pressed
together with the scan code of the key(s) that was
pressed.
Step 4 – The scan code is
converted to the letter/number
that was pressed.
• The operating system converts the scan code into the
binary code for letter / symbol that was pressed,
depending on the keyboard language installed on the
operating system.
Step 5 – The letter is passed to
the software
• The operating system passes data onto the software to
be handled as required (for example displaying a letter
on screen or turning a player’s character in a game)
Diagram of a keyboard
how the computer recognises a
letter pressed on the keyboard:
• There is a membrane or circuit board at the base of the keys
• the 'H' key is pressed and this completes a circuit
• The CPU in the computer can then determine which key has been
pressed
• The CPU refers to an index file to identify which character the key
press represents
• Each character on a keyboard has a corresponding ASCII value
Typical applications for
keyboards
• Used in everyday computing to manually enter data and
commands, e.g. writing a report in a word processor
Benefits of keyboards
• Simple and easy to use
• Potentially a fast way to enter data
• Very high speed of text input – up to 60-80 words per
minute for a professional typist
• Great general purpose devices
Drawbacks of keyboards
• frequently use of these devices can lead to injuries, such as
REPETITIVE STRAIN INJURY (RSI) in the hands and wrists.(Use
Ergonomics Keyboard)
• Not great for dirty or wet environments
• Not the best input device where input requirements are
limited (e.g. restaurant ordering screen).
• Physical keyboards can be subject to keylogging
attacks.
• A slow way to enter lots of data if not a trained typist
• Mistakes can be made if not careful
Ergonomic keyboards

• Ergonomic keyboards can help to


overcome REPETITIVE STRAIN
INJURY problem
• these have the keys arranged
differently.
• They are also designed to give
more support to the wrists and
hands when doing a lot of typing.
Alternative to Physical Keyboards
• Concept Keyboards
• Touch Screen Interfaces
Concept Keyboard
• A concept keyboard is an input device similar to a traditional
keyboard but each key/button is identified by an image.
• The images are chosen to symbolise the command/option
each key represents.
• E.g. In a fast-food restaurant, the concept keyboard
belonging to the cashier’s till may use images to represent
each type of meal available to purchase, or each size of
drink that can be chosen.
• Traditional ‘overlay’ concept keyboards are now being
replaced with virtual concept keyboards using touchscreens.
Concept Keyboard
Typical applications for concept
keyboards
• Cashier tills, e.g. fast food restaurant
• In a restaurant you might have each item for sale on a
separate key, together with buttons for total, change,
cancel order etc. In a restaurant you might have each
item for sale on a separate key, together with buttons
for total, change, cancel order etc.
Benefits of concept keyboards
• Much faster for making non-text selections such as menu
choices on the till of a fast-food outlet.
• Reduces the training required as they are easy to use
• Ideal when options/choices are few
• May speed up data entry
Drawbacks of concept
keyboards
• Poor for text or numeric input - although some keyboards do include a
numeric keypad so the operator can enter the amount sold.
• Not suitable for large amount of options/choices
• Not suitable for all tasks
• The keyboards are more expensive to buy than normal keyboards
• If a change of use is required (new items are sold) then you will need
to replace the overlay.
2210/13/O/N/16/Q4a,b
MS

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