Structured Cabling

System (continued)
 Optical Fiber
Cabling
Systems
Optical fiber are ultra-pure
glass strands that provide a
path to support the
transmission of light pulses
instead of electrical signal.
Optical fiber cable is
constructed of ultra-pure
glass fiber strands.
Two main elements of an
optical fiber strand are its
core and cladding.
Optical Fiber Classification
Single mode Optical Fiber
Single mode optical fiber supports one mode of light travel normally using a
laser light source.
Core size: 8 to 11 µm.

Used in riser and campus environments for backbone distribution. Not

recognized for use in horizontal distribution.
Supports distance up to 9840ft (3000m).
Multimode Optical Fiber
 Multimode optical fiber cable is the most common optical fiber choice for
backbone and horizontal distribution within building and campus environments.
The TIA-568-C now recommending 850 nm laser-optimized 50/125 µm.
Optical Fiber
Color Codes
I n Ac c o rd a n c e Wi t h
EIA/TIA 598
Fo r C a b l e L a rg e r T h a n
1 2 Fi b e r A n d H i g h e r ,
The Color Code Is
Re p e a t e d . A B l a c k
Stripe Or Dash Is
Ad d e d .
Optical Fiber
Strands,
Binder Colors
Optical Fiber Cable Marking
Optical fiber cables must be listed and marked in accordance with their fire
resistance rating.
Cable Substitution
From a fire resistance standpoint, a higher rating can be substituted for any lower
rating, but not vice versa (OFNG and OFN are interchangeable for NEC purposes.
Cable Substitution
Types OFNP and OFCP non-conductive and conductive optical fiber plenum cables shall be listed
as being suitable for use in ducts, plenums and other space being used for environmental air and
be listed as having adequate fire and low smoke producing characteristics
TYPE OFNR and OFCR non-conductive and conductive optical fiber riser shall be listed as suitable
for use in vertical run in a shaft or from floor to floor and shall be listed as having the fire
resistant characteristics capable of preventing the carrying of fire from floor to floor.
TYPE OFNG and OFCG non-conductive and conductive general purpose optical fiber cables shall
be listed as being suitable for general purpose use, with exception of risers and plenums, and
shall be listed as being resistant to the spread of fire.
TYPE OFN and OFC non-conductive and conductive optical fiber cables shall be listed as being
suitable for general purpose use, with the exception of risers and plenums, and other spaces
used for environmental air, and shall be listed being resistant to the spread of fire.
Optical Fiber Cable Design
Premise Fiber Cable is designed strictly for indoors use and must be listed the
requirements of local building codes. In most cases, optical fiber used inside
building will be tight buffered cable.
Tight Buffered Cable protects the fiber by supporting each optical strand within a
900 µm coating.
Optical Fiber Cable Design
Armored Cable or interlocked armor optical fiber cable provide for an extremely
well protected cable ideally for harsh environment. E.g. high traffic areas where
added protection and security are required.
Optical Fiber Cable Design
Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) Optical Fiber Cable utilize materials that provide better
temperature properties and UV protections. Primary advantage of the cable is
the ability to transition from outdoor to indoor environment with the same
cable, eliminating a need for splicing or cross-connection.
Outside Plant (OSP) Optical Fiber Cable is designed especially for outdoor
use. OSP fiber cable typically employ a loose tube fiber construction, however
tight buffered construction may be sude depending on the need for a specific
application (e.g. tactical or military fiber)
Optical Fiber Cable Design
Loose Tube optical fiber construction, there is no tight buffer around fiber.
Ribbon
Cables
Ribbon cables or ribbon
fiber is a high-density
design used for both
premise and OSP
environments.
Optical Fiber
Connectors
Optical fiber connectors provide the
following critical functions:
 Minimal power loss when mating to other
cables or equipment
 Secure optical fiber retention
 Protects the end of the fiber
 The ability to connect and disconnect form
the other cables or equipment

Two important qualities of a connector are

ability to latch securely and connect to other
cables or equipment with low loss.
Common
Connector
Types
Straight Tip (ST) ,
Subscriber Connector
(SC), Small Form Factor
(SFF) , Latching
Connector (LC), Transfer
Registered Jack (MTRJ).
Array
Connectors
Array connectors are
high density connectors
that terminate 4 to 24
fibers in a ferrule.
Commonly used in data
centers.
Mating Connectors
Mating Connectors
Optical Fiber Adapter Plate
Fiber Optics Patch Panel
Optical Fiber Patch
Cord
Two types of patch cords available: Simple fiber
cord and Duplex fiber cord
Duplex are common for patching two strand
required to transmit and receive information over a
optical fiber.
Can be standard and hybrid combination with
single mode and multi-mode ST,SC, FC,LC and MTRJ
connectors
length size: 1, 2,3,5 and 10 m
Backbone Cabling System
The term backbone is used to describe cables that handle the bulk of the telecom traffic.

The function of backbone is to provide interconnection between entrance facilities (EF),

telecommunication room (TR), equipment room (ER) and telecommunication enclosure (TE) in
structured cabling system.
Consist of the cables, pathways, intermediate and main cross connects, connecting hardware,
termination and patch cord or jumpers used for backbone-to-backbone cross connection.
Also support facilities including cable support hardware, firestopping and ground(earthing)
hardware.
Two types of backbone cable
 Interbuilding backbone cable is defined as a cable that handles traffic between buildings.
 Intrabuilding backbone cable is defined as a cable that handles traffic between TRs within a single
building.
Backbone
Cabling
System
Network
Topology
 Star topology
for backbone
distribution
Commonly used for backbone
distribution
There are administrative
levels of backbone cabling. A
first level backbone that
installed between a main
cross-connect (MC) and an
intermediate cross-connect (IC)
or a horizontal cross-connect
(HC). A second level backbone
is a cable that is installed
between an IC and an HC.
Backbone
Cross-
Connect
A backbone topology
shall no more than two
level of cross
connections.
 Three types
of Cross
Connection
Main cross-connect (MC) is the
cross connect in the ER for
connecting entrance cables,
backbone cables and equipment
cables.
Intermediate cross-connect (IC)
are the cross-connect points
located between the MC and the
HC in interbuilding backbone
cabling.
Horizontal cross-connect(HC) is a
location for the cross-connect of
horizontal cabling to other cabling
and equipment.
Horizontal Cabling System
The term horizontal cabling refers to the cable that runs through the ceiling or
under the floor of a building.
Horizontal cabling system may be described as either a permanent link or as a
channel link
Permanent links contains all of the horizontal cabling components excluding any
equipment cords , patch cord or interconnect. The maximum allowable horizontal
cabling length in a permanent link is 90 m (295 ft).
Channel link contains all of the components used in the horizontal cabling
system. Allow up to 10m (33ft) of patch cord to be added to the permanent link
for cross connection and interconnection. Total allowable channel link length is
100m (328ft).
 Patch Cords
A total of three patch cords are allowed in
standards compliant channel link.

Not exceed 10 meters (33 ft)

No single path cord length shall not

exceed 5m(16 ft)

Patch cords in the HC: shall not exceed

5m (16 ft). Two(2) patch cords use in the
HC

Patch cord in the work area shall not

exceed 5m(16 ft)

Telecommunication Outlet/connector shall

be a minimum four pair or shielded 100
ohm Category 5e or higher is
recommended.
 Optical Fiber
in the Work
area
TIA 568-C Standard recommends that
laser 850 nm laser optimized 50 µm
optical fiber (OM3) be installed as the
multimode fiber for commercial
building
Single mode optical fiber (OS1) is not
permitted in horizontal cable system.
A duplex optical fiber outlet/connector
shall used in work area. Recommended
to use duplex SC connector.
Horizontal cable at the
telecommunications outlet/connector
shall be labeled within 6 inches of
cable termination.
Consolidation
Points
A consolidation Points is
an interconnection point
between the permanently
installed horizontal cable
extending from the HC in
the TR, and the horizontal
cables extending to the
telecommunication
outlet/connectors or
MUTOAs.
A transition points (TP) is described as a location in the horizontal cabling where flat undercapet cable (CMUC) connect to round cable.

Multi-User Telecommunications Outlet Assembly (MUTOA) – a standard allows the use in open office spaces that are frequently
reconfigured.
A MUTOA allows for horizontal cabling to remain intact when the office plan is changes. multiple work areas can be served by one or more
MUTOAs.
For Twisted pair cabling, MUTOAs shall be located at least 15m (50ft) from the HC to minimize the effect of multiple connections in the close
proximity on near-end crosstalk (NEXT) and return loss
A MUTOA may be only be used for making direct connections to work area equipment. Never use a MUTOA as a cross-connect point
Maximum patch cord lenghts
The use of a MUTOA cabling design option allows work area cable extend beyond
5m(16 ft) depending on the length of the horizontal cable.