UNIT 3:

WORLD
OF
IDEAS
 TOPIC 1:
GLOBAL MEDIA
CULTURES
 Globalization is a set of multiple, uneven Globalization necessitates the blowout of
and sometimes overlapping historical different culture and media is a great
processes, including economics, politics, instrument of this.
and culture, that have combined with the Media play a great role in helping
evolution of media technology to create globalization to spread global cultures ,
the conditions under which the globe knowledge and ideas.
itself can now be understood as “an
imagined community”.

 The world nowadays is very much

different from the world 20 years ago,
starting from its economic status, social
life of the people, political practices and
the cultural life of the people.

 Knowledge and ideas also is being shared

globally through the help of social media.
 MEDIA AND ITS FUNCTIONS
Definitions of media:
 Medium (plural form)

• Media was defined by Lule as “ a means of conveying something such

as a channel of communication”.

• Bloggers define media as a communication channel through which we

disseminate news, music, movies, education, messages and data which
are the means of mass communication like print media, broadcast
media and digital media.

• Media is a powerful tool in delivering changes within our community

hence it is more important to determine its functions in our lives and to
the society.

• We have to consider that media can be informative, or it provides

entertainment to a large audience.
 ACCORDING TO J. V. VIL’ANILAM IN THE JOURNAL OF KERALA
MEDIA ACADEMY, THERE ARE 6 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF STATE

1) Surveillance- refers to the collection and 4) Entertainment refers to the ability of the media to
distribution of information by the media. For divert attention and give amusement to the
example: the Filipino citizens becomes aware of audience.
the changing of the Government structure into
5) Mobilization refers to the ability of media to
Federalism from centralized form of government
encourage a community to participate in a common
because of news from television, radio, newspaper
goal with the use of social media.
and any means of social media.
6) Democratic participation refers to how media
2) Correlation of parts of society and
influence the freedom of the people to freely air
Interpretation of events and issues- refers to the
their ideas on what they perceived is right or wrong
interpretation and analyzation of media and its in a certain issue.
activities. For example, citizens know from the
television broadcast on the possible drought due to Publicity and public relations refers on the
the weather forecast of El Niño. ability of the media to inform the public about an issue,
a person or an activity.
3) Transmission of the social heritage-refers to the
ability of the media in communicating the norms, Advertisement refers on how media share and promote
values and behavior of the traditional societies, new ideas, products and others to the public.
trough a drama, songs, novels and many others
which the society nowadays can appreciate.
 McLuhan examines the impact of the electronic media by using his
analysis of technology. He analyzes that that the television brought
social changes wherein, this television can make “a global village”.Other
media scholars believe that the global media had the ability to
homogenize our culture .They believe that when global media spread,
people from different parts of the world would begin to watch, listen,
and read same things.

 Herbert Schiller (1976) argued that not only the cultures of the world
became Americanized, but it also helps the American “capitalist values”
like consumerism began to spread.

 The same with what John Tomlinson believes that cultural globalization
is basically an understatement for “Western cultural imperialism” since
it promotes “homogenized, westernized, consumer culture.”

 Robert Mc Chesney believes that “economic and cultural globalization

arguably would be impossible without a global commercial media
system to promote global markets and to encourage consumer values.”
 Claudio and Abinales (2018) considering that they are more
concerned with the broad structures of the media content.

 The positive impact of globalization will lead to diverse cultures

maintaining their diversity and coexisting with each other in this
globalized arena. Globalization will aid in bringing the cultures
together. This will lead to a convergence of world cultures. In
other words, we will move to an era of “cultural hybridity” and
“creolization”.

 The negative impact is that globalization will lead to the

domination of one culture over another culture. We will see
“cultural imperialism “, “cultural hegemony”, and obsolescence of
weak cultures.( Gupta, 2009). We are moving towards a world in
which people practicing monoculture losing their own cultural
identity
 TOPIC 2:
GLOBALIZATION OF
RELIGION
Religion is a system of beliefs and practices while globalization refers
to the expansion and intensification of social relations and
consciousness across world-time and across world-space (Steger).

Religion and globalization persistently engage to one another in order

to flourish and thrive while at the same time being affected by the other.

Globalization serves as an instrument for societies to free from the

constraints of their nation-states but in return destroys their culture, on
the other hand religion aimed to arrange and develop the broken culture
of societies by giving answers on social conflict to economic
disadvantages to even personal happiness.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND
GLOBALIZATION
 According to Peter Berger, the “contemporary world is…furiously religious.

 In most of the world, there are veritable explosions of religious fervor, occurring in one form of
another in all the major religious traditions.

 The most known religions across the world are Christianity with 2.2 billion followers; Islam
with 1.57 milliard followers; Hinduism with 811 million adherents; Buddhism with 380 million
adherents; and others.

 Religion has entered the “information age” where it became globalized in accelerating its
methods and processes in disseminating teaching and belief system.

 Religion nowadays, serves as foundations of many societies bringing people together, on other
ways, religion becomes foundations of modern government; other’s used religion to become
aggressive in power and popularity.

 Through the use of the different technological tools, religion epitomizes the definition of
globalization due to the fact that it can be spread more efficiently than ever before.

 Religion becomes globalized because of this, holy scriptures, religious practices and teachings can
be acquired easily using our smart phones on our facebook account, twitter and even broadcast in
the television, hence, this were known by a large number of audience through out the world.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND
GLOBALIZATION

 Unfortunately, globalization comes with materialism which is a

taboo for the objectives of religious life like for example materialism
goes with the acquisition of communication means which are
important for further dissemination.

 The rise of ISIS or Islamic State in Iraq and Syria and the movement
of the Born-Again Christians indicate their defense against the
globalization's materialism.

 The idea of bringing the nations close together through globalization

also provides tensions to some religions like the Islam.

 They view globalization as an instrument to spread western values,

culture and belief that may displace Islam and are contradict to their
teachings.
Today, it sees globalization as the root cause of injustices and
violence within the society like:

(1) a fast-expanding gap between rich and poor,

(2) the public making this gap widely evident,
(3) a disturbingly fast rate of cultural interpenetrations,
(4) worldwide availability of modern weapons,
(5) lack of effective laws to control ruthless international concomitants of
mass production/distribution, and
(6) fear of macroecological catastrophes due to excessive increases in
population and in percapita consumption and waste.
UNIT 4:
GLOBAL
POPULATION
AND
MOBILITY
The idea of“global city” has a place in understanding contemporary
spatial patterns of globalization; the ways it impacts on local life is
nowhere more visible than in the global city.

The global city therefore is the main physical and geographic

playground of the globalizing forces; population concentration and
mixing, the global flows of people, capital and ideas woven into the
daily lived experiences of its residents.
TOPIC 1: GLOBAL
CITY
 The idea of “global city” emerged in Effects of global city and reasons why we
the social science. want to live in a global city are:
 The world topmost influential cities:
 Literature in the 1980‟s, shortly after London, New York, Paris, Singapore, Tokyo,
the concept of globalization captured Hongkong, Dubai, Beijing.
the social scientific imagination,
-A global city is a city that has the power to
becoming one of its powerful notional
affect global issues and change the global
gravitational pulls. outlook.
 A global city is characterized by its  A world city is a city that is a major centre
strength in shaping, economic, social for finace, trade, business, politics, culture,
and cultural links to the rest of the science Information gathering and mass
world including its ability to influence media. It is one that serves the whole world
and can be considered and important
the flow of resources, capital,
multinational city.
innovations and knowledge.
 TOPIC 1: GLOBAL
CITY
 The safest cities around the world are; Toronto,  Filipino nurses, engineers, IT
Canada, Melbourne, Australia, Amsterdam, programmer, etc. prefers to work in
Sydney, Stockholm, Sweden, Hongkong, Zurich, other countries due to better pay, better
Switzerland; Frankfurt, Germany. benefits and better work environment.
-A global city is also called world city, alpha city or Global cities become culturally diverse,
world center. conjure up images of a fast-paced lifestyles,
 The main characteristics of a global city are they can be sites of great inequality, poverty
economic power. and violence, global cities can create

winners and losers. But in most global
New York may have the largest stock market and
cities, globalization creates high income
Shanghai may have the smallest stock market but
plays a vital role in the global economic chain jobs that are concentrated in global cities. A
since China became the manufacturing center of large global city may be a paradise to many
the world. Economic opportunities in a global people but can also be a hell to some.
city make it very attractive to people across the
world.
TOPIC 2: GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
 In the rural areas, there are families who
have more children because therefore,
mentality is that their children are their
wealth there will be more to work in
the fields and there might be one of them
who will succeed and change
their economic life.
 In the cities, they have less children
because they have to be sure of the
education of their children and there is a
high standard of living in the cities
Therefore, they consider how far their
income can go.
 In Malthusian theory of population claims that in poor countries,”
population grows faster than food supply.
 There are many reasons why this occurrence contributes to a dependable market for food.
happens to poor countries.  Different versions of family life determine the
 Rapid growth of population could be due to: economic and social policies that each country
a. lack or absence of adequate knowledge of the formulates regarding their population.
people regarding natural  Development planners can picture urbanization or
and safe method or measures on family planning. industrialization as an indicator of a developing
society, but they disagree on the role of
b. insufficient fund to finance the cost of population growth. There should be a promotion
information-dissemination. of global population control to reduce the growth
c. inability of parents to send their children to rate.
 By reducing the population, important resources
school for functional education and training.
can be utilized for economic progress and not to
 “The FAO (Food and Agriculture be wasted to feeding more mouths. That‟s why
Organization) warns that society, countries to government should create policies to combat
mitigate the impact of population growth, food population explosion.
production must increase to 70%.” They therefore
enjoin governments to keep their markets open
and move eventually towards a global trading
system that is fair and competitive and that
TOPIC 3:
GLOBAL
MIGRATIO
N
Migration is the movement of people from one place to
another. It may be within a particular place or outside a
particular place.

There are groups of people who move to a particular place

due to the following reasons;

1. Those who move to another country permanently.

2. Those who move to work as contract workers.
3. Those who move illegally.
4. Those who move because they were petitioned.
5. Those who move to seek asylum.
6. Those who were unable to move because they have fear of
persecution. Records will show that there were people who
are currently living outside their birthplace due to economic
reasons, they seek for a greener pasture.
 The influx of migrants has been the problem of receiving countries because they
are not sure if they will be an asset or a liability to the government.
 Government should have an existing policy on how they can control the flooding
of migrants. There are cases wherein countries are faced with issues on the
entrance of illegal migrants wherein there were attempts to build walls just so
they can control the entrance and exits of people.
 For this, government does not have a choice but to generate jobs for those skilled
workers because their presence will give an increase in their gross domestic
product. And because of these, different countries will do the same by sharing
resources with each other the only fear is that if there will be an influx of illegal
migrants who does illegal things in receiving countries.
THANK
YOU!
Ellorengco,
Wendy
Paredes,
Angelika
Purisima, Ricah
Mae
Sazon,
Katherine Mae
Tumaru,
Gracenhel