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Solar Tracking System Final!

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3 views13 pages

Solar Tracking System Final!

Uploaded by

Shiva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dynami

c Solar
Trackin
g
system
- Harnessing the Sun's Power with Advanced
Mobility -
Meet the Team

Shiv Shankar Meena Shiva Priya B Shivam Singla Shubham Ranjan


(23106086) S (23106088) (23106091)
(23106087)

Submitted to :
Dr Richa sharma
OVERVIE
W
• Introduction
• Components
• Role of LDR (light detector
resistor)
• Working of solar tracker
system
• Benefits of solar tracker
Introductio
n
Definition
:A Dynamic solar tracking system is a device
that positions solar panels or collectors in
alignment with the sun’s movement to
maximize energy capture
Objective
:To design a system that automatically adjusts the
position of a solar cell in real-time using Light
Dependent Resistors(LDRs) and Arduino-based
control.
Components :

01 02 03 04

Arduino uno LDR Servo Motors Solar Panel


Acts as the central Senses sunlight Responsible for Converts solar
processing unit, intensity and rotating the solar energy into
analyzing signals provides resistance cell to track the electrical energy.
from LDRs and variations based on sun’s trajectory.
controlling motors. light levels.
Working of LDR and Arduino in the
Solar Tracking System
Principle of Operation:

An LDR, or photoresistor, is a passive electronic component


whose resistance decreases as the intensity of incident
light increases. It operates on the principle of
photoconductivity, where photons excite electrons in the
semiconductor material, reducing resistance.
Electrical Behavior:

In bright light resistance is low (typically a few hundred ohms).In


darkness resistance is high (in the range of megaohms).This
change in resistance is measured using a voltage divider circuit,
producing an analog voltage proportional to the light intensity.
Role of LDR in
Solar Tracking
System
The tracking mechanism typically rotates the solar
panel to align with the maximum light intensity
detected by the LDR sensors.

Two or more LDRs are placed at diff erent orientations


around the solar panel.The intensity of light falling on
each LDR is measured as an analog voltage signal.

Diff erence in Voltage: If one LDR receives more light


than the other, the voltage diff erence indicates the
sun’s relative direction.
Signal processing using
01 Arduino
. 01
Analog-to-Digital Conversion :Arduino's Analog Input Pins read the
analog signals (voltage levels) from the LDRs and convert them into

.
digital values (ranging from 0 to 1023 for a 10-bit ADC).For instance, if
LDR1 receives higher light intensity than LDR2, their respective digital
values will refl ect the diff erence.

02 Logic Implementation:The Arduino processes the values from the LDRs to


compute the voltage diff erence.
. Example logic:
If LDR1 > LDR2: The sun is on the left; rotate the solar panel to the left.
If LDR2 > LDR1: The sun is on the right; rotate the panel to the right.
If LDR1 ≈ LDR2: The panel is aligned with the sun, and no movement is
required.

03 Threshold for Noise Elimination:A small diff erence (e.g., less than 5
. units) is treated as noise and ignored to prevent unnecessary
movements
Solar Tracking
system model

MOTOR
CONTROL
1. 1. Signal Conversion :

Based on the computed direction, the Arduino


sends Pulse
Width Modulation (PWM) signals to control
the servo or DC
motor . PWM adjusts the position or speed of
the motor.

2. Motor Operation :

DC Motors
Servowith H-Bridge
Motors : The Arduino
:The Arduino sends a uses an H-bridge
PWM signal circuit to
corresponding to the
control the polarity
desired angular of voltage
position. Forapplied to athe
example, 90°motor, enabling
pulse aligns the panel directly
bidirectional rotation.
under the sun.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Benefits of
Solar Tracking System
Increased Energy
Tracks the Efficiency
sun throughout the day, increasing power
generation by 30-40% compared to fixed systems.
Environmental
Friendly
Boosts the adoption of renewable energy, reducing
dependency on fossil fuels

Cost-Effective in the Long Run


Though initial costs are higher, the increased energy capture offsets expenses over
time.
Optimal Utilization of Solar Panels
Maximizes energy output, reducing the number of panels required for specific power
needs.
Industrial and Commercial Applications
Used in solar farms, smart grids, and off-grid power systems.
Advantages Over
Fixed Systems

>>Tracks the sun dynamically, capturing


more sunlight throughout the day.

>>Reduces the need for large, static


solar Project Model of Solar
panel arrays.Provides higher energy Tracking system

output
for the same amount of solar panel
Thank
you !
TSC Lab Video of working
Project
model

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