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CH 5 Personality and Values

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10 views13 pages

CH 5 Personality and Values

Uploaded by

zayanahemed689
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 5 Robbins and Judge

Personality and Values

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-1
After studying this chapter you should be able to:
1. Define personality, describe how it is measured, and explain
the factors that determine an individual’s personality.
2. Describe the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator personality
framework and assess its strengths and weaknesses.
3. Identify the key traits in the Big Five personality model.
4. Demonstrate how the Big Five traits predict behavior at
work.
5. Identify other personality traits relevant to OB.
6. Define values, demonstrate the importance of values, and
contrast terminal and instrumental values.
7. Compare generational differences in values and identify the
dominant values in today’s workforce.
8. Identify Hofstede’s five value dimensions of national culture
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
publishing as Prentice Hall 5-2
LO 1

Personality is a dynamic concept describing the


growth and development of a person’s whole
psychological system;
Defining Personality
The sum total of ways in which an individual
reacts to and interacts with others.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-3
LO 1

Managers need to know how to measure


personality as personality tests are useful in
hiring decisions and help managers forecast
who is best for a job.
The most common means of measuring
personality is through self-report surveys.
Observer-ratings surveys provide an
independent assessment of personality.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-4
LO 1

Heredity refers to those factors that were determined


at conception.
 The heredity approach argues that the ultimate explanation of an
individual’s personality is the molecular structure of the genes,
located in the chromosomes.
Popular characteristics include shy, aggressive,
submissive, lazy, ambitious, loyal, and timid. These
are personality traits.
 Early efforts to identify the primary traits that govern behavior
often resulted in long lists that were difficult to generalize from
and provided little practical guidance to organizational decision
makers.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-5
LO 2

One of the most widely used personality


frameworks is the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
(MBTI).
Individuals are classified as:
Extroverted or introverted (E or I).
Sensing or intuitive (S or N).
Thinking or feeling (T or F).
Perceiving or judging (P or J).

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-6
LO 2

INTJs are visionaries.


ESTJs are organizers.
The ENTP type is a conceptualizer.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-7
LO 4

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-8
LO 3

Extraversion,
Agreeableness,
Conscientiousness,
Emotional stability,
Openness to experience.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-9
LO 4

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-10
LO 4

The five factors appear in almost all cross-


cultural studies.
Studies included a variety of diverse cultures.
Differences are complex but seem to depend on
whether countries are predominantly
individualistic or collectivistic.
They appear to predict a bit better in
individualistic than in collectivist cultures.

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-11
LO 5

Core Self-Evaluation (Self-perspective)


Machiavellianism (Machs)
Narcissism
Self-Monitoring
Risk Taking
Proactive Personality
Other-orientation

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.


publishing as Prentice Hall 5-12
 People who have a positive core self-evaluation see
themselves as effective, capable, and in control. People
who have a negative core self-evaluation tend to dislike
themselves. Some can be too positive. In this case,
someone can think he or she is capable, but he or she is
actually incompetent?

 An individual high in Machiavellianism is pragmatic,


maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can
justify means. High Machs manipulate more, win more, are
persuaded less, and persuade others more. High Mach
outcomes are moderated by situational factors and flourish
when they interact face-to-face with others, rather than
indirectly, and when the situation has a minimum number
of rules and regulations, thus allowing latitude for
improvisation. High Machs make good employees in jobs
that require bargaining skills or that offer substantial
rewards for winning.
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
publishing as Prentice Hall 1-13

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