physics mid term

BTECH CSE
PHYSICS (SEM 1)
MID TERM QUESTION BANK
Q.N 1:- Explain the difference between inertial and non-inertial reference frames.
ANSWER:-
INERTIAL FRAME OF REFERENCE

NON INERTIAL FRAME OF
1:are those in REFERENCE
which the Law of 1:-

are those in which the
Inertia is correct Law of Inertia is not
and they are correct, and they are
either at rest or either accelerating or
moving in a circular path
moving with a with constant speed.
constant velocity
2:-Newton’s first law of 2:- Newton's first law of
motion is applicable motion is not directly
directly. A frame of applicable is called
reference the Non-
Inertial Frame of Refere
nce
Q.N:-2 Briefly explain the Michelson-Morley experiment,
including its purpose and outcomes. Include a diagram to
illustrate the experimental setup
ANSWER:-
AIM:to calculate velocity(v) of earth frame of ether
- Michelson and morley perform this experiment in 1857
- Michelson was awarded with he noble prize in physics 1907
DIAGRAM:
(MIRROR 2
L
M1
SOURCE
TELESCOPE
Now, from the Michelson Morley experiment notes, it can be noticed that the apparatus and light
both are moving in the same direction. Thus, the relative velocity will be c - v. After reflection, the
apparatus, and light both move in the opposite direction. Hence, in this case, relative velocity will
become c + v.
Let Us Calculate the Time Taken by the Transmitted Ray to Travel to the Mirror:
Q.N :-3 Briefly explain the Galilean transformation equations.
ANSWER:-
Here, ( (x, y, z, t) ) are the coo

n frame ( S ), and ( (x’, y’, z’,
e coordinates in frame ( S’ )
12
.
Q.N 4:- What are the two postulates of Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity?
ANSWER:-
1.The Principle of Relativity: The laws of physics are the
same in all inertial frames of reference. This means that no
matter how fast you are moving (as long as it’s at a constant
speed and in a straight line), the laws of physics will
UNCHANGED
2.The Invariance of the Speed of Light: The speed of light in
a vacuum is constant and does not depend on the motion of the
light source or the observer.
This speed is the same in all inertial frames of reference
Q.N:-5
What are the Lorentz transformation equations, and under what conditions do they reduce to the Galilean transformation
equations?
ANSWER:-
Q.N 8:- Derive the formula for time dilation.
ANSWER:-
Q.N 9:- ) A spacecraft is moving relative to the Earth. An observer on the Earth
finds that, between 1 P.M. and 2 P.M. according to her clock, 3601 s elapse on the
spacecraft’s clock. What is the spacecraft’s speed relative to Earth?
Q.N10 :- Derive the formula for length contraction
ANSWER:-
Q.N 11:- The length and breadth of a rectangular ground are 50m and 40m ,
respectively. This ground appears a square from a flying plane. Find the velocity
of the flying plane.
ANSWER:-
QN 12: A rod is at rest in a frame S’ and makes an angle (THETA) with the X- axis. Another frame S’ moves with a constant
velocity V along the positive X-direction with respect to frame S. find the angle the rod makes with the X-axis in frame S’.
ANSWER:
QN 13: Derive the Lorentz velocity transformation equations. Explain how these equations relate the velocities of two
observers in different inertial frames moving relative to each other.
ANSWER:
QN 14:An electromagnetic wave is propagating with velocity C (where C=3*10^8m/s ) along the positive X-direction in
the laboratory frame. Another frame S’ moves with a constant velocity V along the positive X- direction with respect to the
laboratory frame. Find the velocity of the electromagnetic wave in frameS’
ANSWER:
QN 15:Derive the expression for the relativistic mass of a particle of rest mass m0 moving with velocity V.
ANSWER:
QN 16: Derive the expression for relativistic kinetic energy and momentum of a particle of rest mass m0 moving with velocity V
ANSWER:
QN 17: Find the relationship betweenE energy and relativistic momentum P
ANSWER:
QN 18: Prove that is invariant under Lorentz transformation
ANSWER:
QN 19:Two particles of equal rest mass m0 are coming towards each other from opposite directions. In the laboratory
frame, the velocity of each particle is 0.6c . After collision these particles form a mixed particle. Find the rest mass of this
particle
ANSWER:
QN 20: The kinetic energy of an electron is 1.02MeV Find the velocity and relativistic momentum of the electon.
(Rest mass of electron and
ANSWER:

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BTECH CSE

INERTIAL FRAME OF REFERENCE

which the Law of 1:-

Here, ( (x, y, z, t) ) are the coo

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