Wk 3.2 Plant Parts to Sow (1)

Examples of crops where both direct seeding and
transplanting methods of planting

• are commonly used
are
• lowland rice,
• the Cruciferous
(Brassica)
• vegetables
cabbage,
• pechay
• mustard,
• lettuce.
Parts of Plants Directly Planted in the
Ground
1. Seeds
2. Cuttings
Cuttings are pieces of
stems placed under
suitable conditions which
will produce new plants.
Parts of Plants Directly Planted in the
Ground
Points to consider in selecting
cuttings:
– The cuttings should be taken from

sturdy plants.
– They should come from productive
plants planted in productive land.
– They should be free from diseases
and insect pests.
– They should be stocky and uniform
in size.
Kinds of Cuttings:
– Root cuttings like

rimas
– Stem cuttings like
camote
– Node cuttings like
kangkong
Planting Cuttings
– Plant only one cutting

to a hill.
– Plant cuttings in
3. Underground runners
 underground section of
the plant is used for
planting materials.
 runners or suckers are
clipped off from the parent
plants and then planted to
the field before they get
dry.
usually set in ridges and
rows.
Examples of these crops are
arrowroots, ginger, taro,
4. Bulb
 The bulb portion of the
plant is used as a planting
material.
 One example is garlic.
5. Root and tuber
• best propagated
or planted by the
sections of the roots
or tubers. ( Potatoes,
Cassava, Yams. Sweet
potato
• The root or tuber is

cut into halves or
quarters, each section
of which should have
two or three alive
Rate of Planting
Among the factors to be considered with regard to the
quantity of seeds to plant are:
1. The viability of the seeds. Seeds known to

– be low in viability more thickly than those having high
viability
– If % of germination is low or if the sprouts are weak,
the seeds should not be planted.
2. The condition of the soil.
– soil and weather conditions are unfavorable, more
seeds should be planted than when the conditions are
favorable.
3. The size and vigor of the plants.
• Seeds that produce delicate and weak plants, such as
carrots, should be planted quite thickly to ensure a good
stand.
• Any excess of plants may be removed to prevent crowding
4. The possible ravages of insects.
• it is a common practice to plant freely in order to have

several times as many plants that are needed.
• practice thinning if you found out that your plants are
crowding.
Transplanting and replanting
Transplanting – the
process of transferring
the seedlings from the
nursery to the field or
to their permanent
places in the field
Seeds – fertilized and

ripened ovule which
may develop into a
plant by germination
• Hardening – the practice of gradually
exposing the seedlings to full sunlight at
least a week before transplanting
• Blocking – the process of trimming the

damaged roots of seedlings
• Dibbler – a pointed tool or material that is

used in uprooting seedlings
• Digging-to move soil or sand or uncover
by moving earth soil
• Moving-changing place or position;

moving to different place to live
• Replanting-to plant again; to provide

with new plants
Tips in Successful
Transplanting
• Have good healthy

seedlings.
• Have the land thoroughly

prepared before
transplanting.
• Transplant hardened seedlings.
Hardened seedlings could withstand
outside conditions.
• Have a good container, a shallow

small basket, or a banana bract of
convenient length for the seedlings.
• good condition of the soil,
• favorable weather
conditions,
• time of transplanting,
• use of appropriate tools

and other materials,
• the proper manner of doing the work.
• Seedlings are like babies. They are

fragile and vulnerable so the principles
of
Tender Loving Care (TLC) should be
strictly followed.
Purposes of Transplanting
• Allow sufficient space for stocky

development of the plants.
• Do preliminary selection of good,

healthy, and vigorous seedlings
• Eliminate disease and weak seedlings

or plants.
Proper Way of Pulling Seedlings PALAY
• Irrigate the seedbed

overnight to a depth of at
least 3-5 centimeters
• to soften the soil and
facilitate pulling of
seedlings
• Hold the seedlings close to
the base and gently pull
them.
Another method is to use a scythe to
cut through the soil half inch below the
stem,
faster
avoids stress damage to the stem
ensuring that adequate roots of the
seedlings are retained.
• Bundle them in any convenient size for ease of
handling.
• Seedlings raised through dapog method are

prepared following the steps below
• Cut the bed into convenient size of at least one

square foot and roll each piece. Do not prune the
seedlings.
• Roll the matted dapog seedlings.
• Tie the rolled seedlings.

Proper Transplanting of
Seedlings
1. Straight row planting.
• Seedlings are transplanted in
straight rows where definite
spacing is maintained between
plants.
• Straight row planting enhances the
attainment of an optimum plant
population and it facilitates the
application of fertilizer and
weeding operations using a rotary
weeder.
• Use guides or markers to attain
straight rows.
• Hold the seedlings in between the

thumb and the first and second finger
and insert these gently into the soil.
• Plant seedlings in spots indicated by

the guides or markers.
Straight row planting is also called masagana system
Straight row planting is also called masagana system

2. Random transplanting.
 no specific distance in planting.
 planters tend to plant too close or
too far which sometimes adversely
affect the potential yield of the
variety and the use of rotary
weeder.
 faster but it requires use of more
seeds (66 to 68 kg/ha.).
 It is economical, however, because
it does not entail high cost of labor.
Distance of Planting of Some Vegetable Crops.
CROP DISTANCE OF PLANTING DEPTH OF RATE OF
PLANTING SEEDING
(Transplanted) Between Hill Between Row (cm) per hill
(cm) (cm)
1. cabbage 50 75 3-5 1
2. cauliflower 30 35 3-5 1
3. lettuce 30 30 3-5 1
4. tomato
 single row
spacing
 double row 30-50 75-100 4-6 1
spacing
40 45 1
5. pepper 30-50 50-75 4-6 1
6. eggplant 75 120 4-6 1
CROP DISTANCE OF DEPTH OF RATE OF
PLANTING PLANTING SEEDING
(Transplanted Between Between (cm) per hill
) Hill (cm) Row (cm)
(Directly seeded)
1. beans 30 50 2-3 3-4
(bush)
2. beans
(pole sitao) 50 100 2-3 3-4
3. okra 75 100 2-3 2-3
4. squash 100 150 2-3 2-3
5. patola 100 150-36 2-3 2-3

Wk 3.2 Plant Parts to Sow (1)

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Examples of crops where both direct seeding and

transplanting methods of planting

– The cuttings should be taken from

– Root cuttings like

– Plant only one cutting

• The root or tuber is

1. The viability of the seeds. Seeds known to

4. The possible ravages of insects.

• it is a common practice to plant freely in order to have

Seeds – fertilized and

• Blocking – the process of trimming the

• Dibbler – a pointed tool or material that is

• Moving-changing place or position;

• Replanting-to plant again; to provide

• Have good healthy

• Have the land thoroughly

• Have a good container, a shallow

• use of appropriate tools

• Seedlings are like babies. They are

• Allow sufficient space for stocky

• Do preliminary selection of good,

• Eliminate disease and weak seedlings

• Irrigate the seedbed

• Seedlings raised through dapog method are

• Cut the bed into convenient size of at least one

• Roll the matted dapog seedlings.

• Tie the rolled seedlings.

• Hold the seedlings in between the

• Plant seedlings in spots indicated by

Straight row planting is also called masagana system

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