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Chapter 9

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87 views22 pages

Chapter 9

Uploaded by

Trishia Villacorta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 9

THE STORM
DRAIN
Storm Drain is that
unit of the
plumbing system
that
conveys rain or
storm water to a
suitable terminal.
Storm
water is normally
discharged into
street gutter
conveyed
by public drain
system and carried
to some natural
drainage terminal
like canals, rivers,
lakes and the like.
As a general rule, storm drain is not permitted to
discharge into a septic tank or to the main sewer line.
The
collection and disposal of storm water is an important
phase of plumbing system that should not be ignored,
otherwise, water coming from the roof if not properly di-
verted might create problems like:

1 Settlement of the structure cause by erosion or washing


away the soil from the foundation.

2. Subjecting the basement floor and walls to unnecessary


ground water pressure and possible leakage.
3. Rundown water may create walls and window
leakage.

4. Water may spill on people passing by or approaching


entry door.

5. Erode the surrounding grounds and cause disfiguring


of the landscape areas.
Splash
Pan
is a collector of water
coming down from
the downspout
leading the
accumulated water
away from
the house at a
relatively low rate of
flow.
Storm Drain Is Classified Into Three Types

1 The Inside storm drain


2. Outside storm drain
3. Overhead storm drain
The Inside Storm Drain
- is sometimes located under the basement floor or within the
walls of the building This type of storm drain is commonly
found in buildings constructed along congested business
district or building that Occupies the entire frontage of the lot.
The drainpipe s laid under the floor or walls of the structure.

For large building, storm drains are laid in two or more


lines to convey not only the water coming from the roof, it
t also those waters accumulated from the inside court or
onen areas towards the street gutter or public storm drain.
The Outside Storm Drain
is installed outside the
foundation wall of the building This type of drainage
is
possible on location where the lot is not totally
occupied
by the building.
The Overhead Storm Drain
is adopted when the
street drainage is higher in elevation than the basement
floor of the building. The purpose is to avail of the gravity
flow of water. The pipe is well fitted and suspended inside
the ceiling by suitable hangers spaced at closer intervals.
Size of Storm Drain
The size of Storm Drain is determined under the fol.
lowing considerations:

1 Gauging the rainfall over a given period, whether it is constant or


exceedingly heavy shower of short duration.
2. Consider the varying roof areas, the slope, and the distance of
water traveled before it reaches the conductors of the roof.
3. Water drain faster on high pitch roof Hence, requires a larger
drainage pipe than that of a flat roof.
4. The height of the building contribute largely to the velocity of
water falling inside a vertical pipe conductor The velocity fall
accelerate the flow of water entering into the storm drain
5.The use of improper fittings and short offsets that will affect
the flow of water must be avoided.

The conservative estimate of maximum rainfall in the


Philippines is about 20 mm in a 5 minutes interval .Using this
data , the approximate volume of water that will be
accumulated on the roof in one minute can be readily
computed using Table 9-1,Size of Storm Drain .
ILLUSTRATION 9-1

What size of storm drain is adequate to serve a roof having a


slope of 2% with a general dimensions of 20x30 meters?

SOLUTION
1. Solve for the roof area
Area=20x30
A= 600sq. m
PLUMBING DESIGN AND ESTIMATE

2. Refer to Table 9-1.Under 2% slope,600 sq. m is


within the limit of 700 sq. m roof area which
could be served effectively by a 150 mm pipe
diameter.
Grade and Change of Direction
The storm drain is installed
providing a slope of not more than
2 per meter run A combination of
Y and 1/8 bend or a long radius
fitting is appropriate for any
change in direction .
9-5 Roof
Leader
Roof Leader is popularly known as water
conductor or downspout either concealed or
exposed type. It connects the roof terminal
to the storm drain .The size of roof leader
can be found easily with the aid of Table 9-2.

ILLUSTRATION 9-2
How large is a downspout required to
drain the roof with a general dimension as shown in
Figure 9-6
SOLUTION
1. Find the area of roof – A
10x20 = 200sq. M
2.Refer to Table 9-2 .Under column 1, the 200sq. m roof area is
within the limit of 166to 335 . Thus, specify
100 mm or (4”) diameter downpout.
3.Find the area of roof – B .
8 x 20 = 16sq. m
4.Refer to Table 9-2 .The value of 160sq. m requires a 75 mm (3”)
roof leader.
5.Therefore,specify a 75 mm pipe diameter.
PLUMBING DESIGN AND ESTIMATE
Comments:
1. From illustration 9-2 ,it appears that roof A requires a 100 mm
pipe diameter and 75 mm for roof B. If only one roof leader will be
installed in each roof ,considering the 20 meters length of the gutter
,the rainwater has to travel a long way before it reaches the roof
terminal. Under such condition ,the gutter might be overloaded and
overflows likely to occur
2.The standard practice is to provide two or more terminals for
roof leader to avoid clogging and overflow .The found size of the
pipe if installed on two terminals would be oversized and ex-pensive
.Thus, it is necessary to select two smaller pipes with a hole area
equivalent to 100 mm and 75 mm diameter respectively.
SOLUTION
1.The 100 mm or 4” diameter as found has a cross
sectional area of .
Area of a circle = .7854 x d2
Area = .7854 x 4 = 12.56sq. In
2. Divide into two terminals = 6.28sq. In
3.The gross sectional area of a 75 mm (3”) is 7.06 in
greater than 6.28 .Therefore, specify 2 pcs. 75 mm
diameter pipe.
SECOND SOLUTION
1.Area of the roof A = 200sq. m.
2.Divide by 2 terminals = 100sq. m.
3.Refer to Table 9-2 .The 100sq. m. area is within the parameter of
76 and 165sq. m. therefore , specify 2 pieces 75 mm diameter pipe.
4.For roof area B = 160sq. m.
5.Divide by 2 terminals = 80sq. m.
6.Refer to Table 9-2 , 75 mm pipe is sufficient.
7.Specify 2 pieces 75 mm downspout for roof B.

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