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03-Methods and Functions

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3 views

03-Methods and Functions

Uploaded by

Vimal Kishor Dixit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods

Complete Python Bootcamp

● Built-in objects in Python have a variety


of methods you can use!
● Let’s explore in a bit more detail how to
find methods and how to get information
about them.
Functions
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Creating clean repeatable code is a key


part of becoming an effective
programmer.
● Functions allow us to create blocks of
code that can be easily executed many
times, without needing to constantly
rewrite the entire block of code.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Functions will be a huge leap forward in


your capabilities as a Python
programmer.
● This means that the problems you are
able to solve can also be a lot harder!
Complete Python Bootcamp

● It is very important to get practice


combining everything you’ve learned so
far (control flow, loops, etc.) with
functions to become an effective
programmer.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● This may be a point in your progress


where you may get discouraged or
frustrated, do not worry, this is
completely normal and very common!
● We will guide you step by step, be
patient with yourself and practice,
practice, practice!!
Complete Python Bootcamp

Difficulty of
Problems You
Can Solve

Progress in Python
Complete Python Bootcamp

Difficulty of
Problems You
Can Solve

Basic Data
Types

Progress in Python
Complete Python Bootcamp

Difficulty of
Problems You
Can Solve
Loops and
Logic
Basic Data
Types

Progress in Python
Complete Python Bootcamp

Functions
Difficulty of
Problems You
Can Solve
Loops and
Logic
Basic Data
Types

Progress in Python
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Be patient with yourself.


Complete Python Bootcamp

● Be patient with yourself.


● Take your time to practice the material.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Be patient with yourself.


● Take your time to practice the material.
● Start getting excited about your new
skills and start thinking about personal
projects.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Let’s learn how to create functions with


Python!
def Keyword
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Creating a function requires a very


specific syntax, including the def
keyword, correct indentation, and proper
structure.
● Let’s get an overview of a Python
function structure.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():

Keyword telling
Python this is a
function.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():

You decide on the


function name. Notice
“snake casing”
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():

Snake casing is all lowercase


with underscores between
words
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():

Parenthesis at the end. Later


on we can pass in
arguments/parameters into the
function.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():

A colon indicates an upcoming


indented block. Everything
indented is then “inside” the
function
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():
’’’
Docstring explains
function.
’’’

Optional: Multi-line string to


describe function.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():
’’’
Docstring explains
function.
’’’
Note: Everything
inside the function is
indented
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():
’’’
Docstring explains
function.
’’’
Code then goes inside
the function.
print(“Hello”)
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():
’’’
Docstring explains
function.
’’’
print(“Hello”)
Function can then be
executed/called to
see the result.

>> name_of_function()
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function():
’’’
Docstring explains
function.
’’’
print(“Hello”)
Resulting Output
>> name_of_function()
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function(name):
’’’
Docstring explains function.
’’’
print(“Hello
”+name)
Functions can accept
arguments to be
>> name_of_function(“Jose”) passed by the user.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def name_of_function(name):
’’’
Docstring explains function.
’’’
print(“Hello
”+name)
Functions can accept
arguments to be
>> name_of_function(“Jose”) passed by the user.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Typically we use the return keyword to


send back the result of the function,
instead of just printing it out.
● return allows us to assign the output of
the function to a new variable.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● We will have a deeper discussion of the


return keyword later on in the
notebook.
Complete Python Bootcamp

def add_function(num1,num2):
return
num1+num2
Return allows to save
the result to a

>> result = add_function(1,2) variable.

>>
>> print(result)
>> 3
Complete Python Bootcamp

def add_function(num1,num2):
return
num1+num2
Most functions will
use return. Rarely will

>> result = add_function(1,2) a function only print()

>>
>> print(result)
>> 3
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Let’s start creating functions with


Python.
Basic Functions
The return Statement
Functions with Logic
Interactions Between
Functions
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Typically a python script or notebook


contains several functions interacting
with each other.
● Let’s create a few functions to mimic the
carnival guessing game “Three Cup
Monte”
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Our simple game won’t actually show


the cups or ball, instead we will simply
mimic the effect with a Python list.
● Our simple version will also not show the
shuffle to the user, so the guess is
completely random.
Function Practice
Problems
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Learning functions increases your Python


skills exponentially.
● This also means that the difficulties of
problems you can solve also increases
drastically.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● Let’s get some practice with converting


problem statements into Python code.
● We’ll go through a series of Function
Practice Exercises.
● After this lecture we will go through the
solutions.
Complete Python Bootcamp

● There are two options for this material:


○ Try out the exercises yourself, then
go through the solutions.
○ Treat the solutions as a code-along
lecture for more guided practice.
Function Practice
Problems Solutions
Level 2
Methods and
Functions
HOMEWORK OVERVIEW
Methods and
Functions
HOMEWORK SOLUTIONS
Lambda Expressions
Map and Filter
*args and **kwargs

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