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Conversion of Normal
Random Variable to Standard
Random Variable
 Learning
Competenci
es
At the end of the lesson, the learners should
be able to convert a normal random variable
to a standard normal variable and vice versa
(M11/12SP-IIIc-4).

2
 At the end of this lesson, you should be able to
Learning
Objective

● Convert a raw score to its corresponding -score

and vice-versa.

● Solve problems involving the concept of -

scores.
 Standard Normal
Distribution
A standard normal distribution is a
normal distribution with a mean of 0
and a standard deviation of 1, or .

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 Standard Score or -Score

It refers to the distance between a given

value and the mean.

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 Standard Score or -Score
To convert a raw score to its corresponding score, use
the formula:

where is the raw score, is the population mean, and is

the population standard deviation.

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 Standard Score or -Score
Example:
Given and , we can convert the score as a -score as
follows:

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 Standard Score or -Score
Example:

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 Example 1: In a population of
Math scores, the mean is and
the standard deviation is . Find
the value that corresponds to a
score .
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Example 1: In a population of Math scores, the mean is
and the standard deviation is . Find the value that
corresponds to a score .
Solution:
1. Identify the given values.

, and

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Example 1: In a population of Math scores, the mean is
and the standard deviation is . Find the value that
corresponds to a score .

𝑋−𝜇
Solution:
2. Substitute the given values in
the formula for score and solve.
𝑍=
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𝜎
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Example 1: In a population of Math scores, the mean is
and the standard deviation is . Find the value that
corresponds to a score .
Solution:
Thus, the raw score corresponds to a value of .

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 Example 2: In a certain aptitude test,
Aubrey wanted her score to be at least
one standard deviation above from its
corresponding standard normal
distribution with mean of 110 and
standard deviation of 1.2. What should
her score be?
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Example 2: In a certain aptitude test, Aubrey wanted her score to be at least one
standard deviation above from its corresponding standard normal distribution with
mean of 110 and standard deviation of 1.2. What should her score be?

Solution:
1. Identify what is asked.

In the given problem, Aubrey’s raw score in the test is

being asked. Thus, we are going to solve for .

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Example 2: In a certain aptitude test, Aubrey wanted her score to be at least one
standard deviation above from its corresponding standard normal distribution with
mean of 110 and standard deviation of 1.2. What should her score be?

Solution:
2. Derive a formula for the raw score using the formula
for score.

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Example 2: In a certain aptitude test, Aubrey wanted her score to be at least one
standard deviation above from its corresponding standard normal distribution with
mean of 110 and standard deviation of 1.2. What should her score be?

Solution:
3. Identify the given values.

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Example 2: In a certain aptitude test, Aubrey wanted her score to be at least one
standard deviation above from its corresponding standard normal distribution with
mean of 110 and standard deviation of 1.2. What should her score be?

Solution:
4. Substitute the given values to the derived formula and
solve.

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Example 2: In a certain aptitude test, Aubrey wanted her score to be at least one
standard deviation above from its corresponding standard normal distribution with
mean of 110 and standard deviation of 1.2. What should her score be?

Solution:
Aubrey should have a score above 111.2.

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 Individual Practice:
1. Convert the set of scores 10, 9, 8, 9, 10, 5, 7, 10, 7,
5 and 8 into their respective -scores.

2. In a normally distributed data, the -score

corresponding to a raw score of is . If the mean of
the distribution is , compute for the standard
deviation of the distribution.

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 ● A standard normal distribution is a normal
distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation
of 1, or .

● A standard score or -score is the distance between

a given value and the mean.

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 ● To convert a raw score to its corresponding score, use
the formula:

where is the raw score, is the population mean, and

is the population standard deviation.

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Regions under the

Normal Curve
 Learning
Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be

able to identify regions under the normal curve
corresponding to different standard normal values
(M11/12SP-IIIc-3)
 At the end of this lesson, you should be able to
Learning
Objective

● Identify -scores and corresponding areas.

● Identify boundaries.

● Solve problems involving regions under the

normal curve.
 The Standard Normal
Distribution
A standard normal distribution is
expressed in a graph as a normal curve
with the following properties:

•the graph is a bell-shaped curve

•the graph is asymptotic to the x-axis
•the total area under the normal curve
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 Regions under the
Normal Curve
The regions under the normal

𝑍 scores and their respective

curve are characterized by the

areas.
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 Regions under the Normal Curve

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 Example 1: What is the
area under the normal
curve and to the left of ?

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
1. Sketch the normal distribution.

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
2. Identify the region under the normal curve by drawing
a vertical line through the given -value.

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
3. Shade the required region.

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
4. Use the -table to determine the area associated with
the given -value.

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
The area corresponding to in the -table is or .

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 Example 1: What is the area under the normal curve
and to the left of ?
Solution:
Note that the areas found in the -table refer to the area
to the left of any -value under the normal curve.
Therefore, the area under the normal curve and to the
left of is or .

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
1. Sketch the normal distribution and indicate the mean.

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
2. Identify the region under the normal curve by drawing
a vertical line through each -value.

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
3. Shade the required region.

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
The areas corresponding to and in the table are and ,
respectively.

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
5. Compute for the area between the two -scores.

To find the area under the normal curve and in

between any two -scores, subtract the bigger area to
the smaller area.

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 Example 2: What is the corresponding area between
and the mean of a normal curve?
Solution:
5. Compute for the area between the two -scores.

Therefore, the area under the curve and in between the

two -scores and is or .
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Individual Practice:
1. In a normally distributed data, the -score
corresponding to a raw score of is . If the mean of
the distribution is , compute for the standard
deviation of the distribution.

2. How much area is at the left of under a normal

curve?

3. Find the area at the right of under a normal curve.

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 Group Practice: To be done in groups with three
members

In a college entrance test, 450 students took the

exam and the results yielded and How many
students passed the entrance exam if only those
whose score is at least above will pass?

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 ● A standard normal distribution is expressed in
graph as a normal curve with the following
properties:
o the graph is a bell-shaped curve;
o the graph is asymptotic to the -axis
o the total area under the normal curve is 1

characterized by the 𝑍 scores and their respective

● The regions under the normal curve are

areas.
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