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    VIII-14-Chemical Effects of Electric Current

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    VIII-14-Chemical Effects of Electric Current

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    1980drishti
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    1 views10 pages

    VIII-14-Chemical Effects of Electric Current

    Uploaded by

    1980drishti

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    CHAPTER - 14

    CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC


    CURRENT

    CLASS :- VIII
    SUBJECT :- SCIENCE
    1) Conduction tester :-
    A conduction tester is a device used to determine whether a
    substance is a good or poor conductor of electricity.
    a) Conduction tester using a torch bulb :-
    A simple conduction tester has an electric cell and a torch bulb. One
    terminal of the cell is connected to one terminal of the bulb by a wire.
    The other terminal of the cell and bulb have wires which can be brought
    in contact with materials to test whether they are good or poor
    conductors of electricity.
    If the material is a good conductor, the bulb glows and if it is a poor
    conductor the bulb does not glow.
    b) Conduction tester using LED :-
    Sometimes the current flowing through the circuit may
    be too weak and the filament of the bulb may not get
    sufficiently heated to make it glow. Then instead of a torch
    bulb an LED can be used in the circuit. LED glows even
    when a weak current flows in the circuit.
    c) Conduction tester using a magnetic compass :-
    If a magnetic compass is kept near a wire and current
    flows through the wire, the magnetic needle gets deflected.
    So we can use a magnetic compass instead of a torch bulb
    or LED in the circuit. The magnetic needle gets deflected
    even if a weak current flows in the circuit.
    2) Electrical conductivity of solids :-
    Some solids are good conductors of electricity.
    Eg :- copper, steel, iron, aluminium etc.
    Some solids are poor conductors of electricity.
    Eg :- wood, plastic, rubber, glass etc.
    3) Electrical conductivity of liquids :-
    Some liquids are good conductors of electricity.
    Eg :- tap water, salt solution, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide etc.
    (solutions of acids, bases and salts are conductors of electricity)
    Some liquids are poor conductor of electricity .
    Eg :- distilled water, sugar solution, kerosene, spirit etc.
    4) Chemical effects of electric current :-
    When electric current passes through a conducting solution, it
    causes chemical reactions. This is called chemical effect of electric
    current.
    Chemical effect of electric current may cause :-
    i) Formation of gas bubbles at the electrodes.
    ii) Deposit of metal on the electrodes.
    iii) Change in colour of the solution.
    5) Electrolysis of water :-
    When electric current is passed through water, it splits up into
    hydrogen and oxygen. This is called electrolysis of water.
    When electric current is passed through water oxygen gas bubbles
    are produced at the electrode connected to the positive terminal of the
    battery and hydrogen gas bubbles are produce at the electrode
    connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
    6) Electroplating :-
    The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another
    material by means of electricity is called electroplating.
    Eg:- For electroplating of copper on an object, the object is dipped in
    acidified copper sulphate solution and connected to the negative
    terminal of a battery. A copper strip is dipped in the solution and
    connected to the positive terminal of the battery. When electric current
    is passed through the solution, copper from the copper strip is
    deposited on the object.
    7) Uses of electroplating :-
    Electroplating is used in industry for coating metal objects with a thin
    layer of a desired metal.
    Chromium has a shiny appearance and it does not corrode. Chromium
    plating is done on objects like bicycle parts, car parts, taps, gas
    burners, wheel rims etc.
    Jewellery makers electroplate gold and silver on less expensive
    metals to give an appearance of gold or silver.
    Tin cans used for storing food are electroplated with tin over iron
    because tin is less reactive than iron and protects iron from corrosion.
    Iron objects are coated with zinc to protect it from corrosion.

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