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Number System Presentation

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24 views14 pages

Number System Presentation

Uploaded by

Sadia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1: Number System

An Introduction to Real Numbers and Related Concepts

Sadia Islam Taspia


Lecturer
Department of AIS
United International University
BBA & MBA, Dept. of AIS, University of Dhaka

1
Introduction to Real Numbers

• Real numbers are numbers that can be found on the number line. This
includes both rational and irrational numbers.
• Examples: Integers, fractions, decimals (e.g., 3, -2, 4.5, √2)

SIT 2
Classification of Real Numbers

• Natural Numbers (1, 2, 3…)


• Whole Numbers (0, 1, 2…)
• Integers (-3, -2, 0, 1…)
• Rational Numbers (e.g., 1/2, -3/4)
• Irrational Numbers (e.g., π, √2)

SIT 3
Properties of Real Numbers
1. Commutative Property:
- Addition: a + b = b + a
- Multiplication: a × b = b × a
- Example: If a = 3 and b = 5, then 3 + 5 = 5 + 3 = 8, and 3 × 5 = 5 × 3 = 15

2. Associative Property:
- Addition: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
- Multiplication: (a × b) × c = a × (b × c)
- Example: If a = 2, b = 3, and c = 4, then (2 + 3) + 4 = 2 + (3 + 4) = 9

3. Distributive Property:
- Formula: a(b + c) = ab + ac
- Example: If a = 2, b = 3, and c = 4, then 2(3 + 4) = 2 × 3 + 2 × 4 = 6 + 8 = 14

4. Identity Property:
- Addition: a + 0 = a
- Multiplication: a × 1 = a
- Example: 7 + 0 = 7 and 7 × 1 = 7

5. Inverse Property:
- Addition: a + (-a) = 0
- Multiplication: a × (1/a) = 1 (a ≠ 0)
- Example: For a = 5, additive inverse is -5, and multiplicative inverse is 1/5

SIT 4
Order of Operations (PEMDAS)

• Why Order of Operations Matters:


- Ensures everyone gets the same result for mathematical expressions!

• PEMDAS:
- Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication/Division, Addition/Subtraction

• Step-by-Step Breakdown of PEMDAS:


- P: Solve inside parentheses (e.g., (3 + 2) × 4 → 20)
- E: Solve exponents (e.g., 3^2 + 4 → 13)
- MD: Multiplication/Division left to right (e.g., 10 ÷ 2 × 3 → 15)
- AS: Addition/Subtraction left to right (e.g., 8 + 3 - 2 → 9)

SIT 5
Order of Operations Example

Problem: Solve 5 + 2 × (3^2 - 4) ÷ 2

SIT 6
Order of Operations Example
Solution:
- Step 1 (Parentheses): 3^2 - 4 = 5
- Step 2 (Exponents): Already calculated in Step
- Step 3 (Multiplication/Division): 2 × 5 = 10 and
10 ÷ 2 = 5
- Step 4 (Addition): 5 + 5 = 10
Answer: 10

SIT 7
Practice Problems

• Solve:
- 6 + 3 × 2^2
- (4 + 6) ÷ 2 - 3

SIT 8
Square Roots
A square root is a number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original
number.

• Example: √16 = 4 because 4 × 4 = 16


• Practice: √25 = 5 and √49 = 7

SIT 9
The Number Line

• Concept: Represents real numbers in a linear format with zero at the


center.
• Positive numbers to the right, negative numbers to the left.

SIT 10
Absolute Value

• Definition: Absolute value represents the distance from zero on the


number line.

• Example: |3| = 3 and |-5| = 5

SIT 11
Summary and Practice Problems

• Lets recap Key Points: Properties of Real Numbers, Order of Operations,


Square Roots, The Number Line, Absolute Value.

• Sample Questions:
- Identify types of numbers
- Use order of operations
- Find square roots

SIT 12
Any Question?

13
Thank You!

14

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