PROBABILITY

SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES
By: Group 10
 Content
1
s 4
• INTRODUCTION • TYPES

2 • CONTENTS
5 • EXAMPLES

3 • DEFINITION
6 • ADVANTAGES
 What is Probability
Sampling?
is a sampling method that
involves randomly selecting a
sample, or a part of the
population that you want to
research. It is also sometimes
called random sampling.
 Types of p l e R a n d o m
* S im
Probability Sa m p l i n g
e d
Sampling * S tr a t i fi
There are four p l i n g
sam
commonly used * S y s t e m a t i c

types of probability sa m p l i n g
4 T y p ae m
s p l i n g
sampling designs: * Clus t e r s
 Simple Random
Simpl e random
Sampling
sampling gathers a
random selection
from the entire
population, where
each unit has an
equal chance of
selection. This is the
most common way
to select a random
sample.
 Examples Of Probability
Random Sampling
Example 1 Example 2
Selecting 50 students Choosing 100 houses
from a college population from a city's housing
of 500 students by database by assigning
assigning each student a each house a unique ID
unique number and using and then randomly
a random number selecting 100 IDs from a
generator to choose the
 Strarified Sampling
Stratified sampling collects a random selection of a
sample from within certain strata, or subgroups within
the population. Each subgroup is separated from the
others on the basis of a common characteristic, such as
gender, race, or religion. This way, you can ensure that
all subgroups of a given population are adequately
represented within your sample population.

To split your population into different subgroups, first

choose which characteristic you would like to divide them
by. Then you can select your sample from each subgroup.
You can do this in one of two ways:
• By selecting an equal number of units from each
 Examples Of Stratified
Sampling
Example1 Example 2
Dividing a company's Stratifying a city's
employees into three strata population by age
based on their experience
groups (e.g., under 18,
levels (entry-level, mid-level,
18-40, and over 40) and
and senior-level) and then
then selecting a random
randomly selecting 10
employees from each stratum sample of 50 individuals
to form a sample. from each age group.
 Systematic
Sampling
Systematic sampling draws a random sample from the target
population by selecting units at regular intervals starting from a
random point. This method is useful in situations where records of
your target population already exist, such as records of an
agency’s clients, enrollment lists of university students, or a
company’s employment records. Any of these can be used as a
sampling frame.

To start your systematic sample, you first need to divide your

sampling frame into a number of segments, called intervals. You
calculate these by dividing your population size by the desired
sample size.
 Examples Of Systematic
Sampling
Example 1 Example 2
In a factory with 300 Choosing every 5th car in a
workers, selecting every parking lot to conduct
10th worker on an emissions tests, starting at
employee list, starting a random parking spot, to
randomly with the first obtain a systematic sample
worker, to create a of vehicles for testing.
systematic sample of 30
 Cluster Sampling
Cluster sampling is the process of dividing the target
population into groups, called clusters. A randomly
selected subsection of these groups then forms your
sample. Cluster sampling is an efficient approach when
you want to study large, geographically dispersed
populations. It usually involves existing groups that are
similar to each other in some way (e.g., classes in a
school).

There are two types of cluster sampling:

• Single (or one-stage) cluster sampling, when you
divide the entire population into clusters
•
 Examples of Cluster
Sampling
Example 1 Example 2
Dividing a large country Sampling several schools
into regions (clusters) and within a school district,
randomly selecting a few and then surveying all
regions to survey, then students within those
surveying all households selected schools to gather
within the selected data on educational
regions. performance.
 ti s t a g e
M u l x fo r m
o m p l e g , i n
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a m r s a
I f clust maller gvely
s e r o
o hich s ccessi arger
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e
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 Advantages and disadvantages
of probability sampling
Advantages Disad vanta
• Samples selected with this method • It may be difficult to access a
are representative of the
population at large. Due to this, ges
list of the entire population,
due to ethical or privacy
inferences drawn from such
concerns, or a full list may
samples can be generalized to the
not exist. It can be expensive
total population you are studying.
and time-consuming to
• As some statistical tests, such as
compile this yourself.
multiple linear regression, t test, or
• Although probability sampling
ANOVA, can only be applied to a
sample size large enough to reduces the risk of
approximate the true distribution of sampling bias, it can still
the population, using probability occur. When your selected
sampling allows you to establish sample is not inclusive
 Probabilty
S a m p
Samplingli
method that
n g V Non-probability
ensures that Sampling method that
Sampling
uses a non-random
each unit in the
study population S sample from the
population you want
has an equal
to research, based on
chance of being specific criteria, such
selected as convenience
Thank
s!