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Introduction To Machine Learning

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12 views11 pages

Introduction To Machine Learning

Uploaded by

8367748261durga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to

Machine
Learning
Welcome to the world of machine learning! This
presentation will explore key concepts, techniques, and
applications of this rapidly evolving field.
What is Machine Learning?
Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computer systems to learn from data
without explicit programming.

1 Learning from Data 2 Improved Performance 3 Wide Applications

ML algorithms analyze and As ML models are exposed to ML has transformed various


identify patterns in data to more data, they become more industries, from healthcare to
make predictions or decisions. accurate and efficient over finance to e-commerce.
time.
Brief History of Machine Learning Development
Early Beginnings Modern Era

The foundations of ML were laid in the 1950s and 1960s with the The 21st century has witnessed a surge in ML research and
development of artificial neural networks and the perceptron applications, driven by advances in computing power, data
algorithm. availability, and algorithms.

1 2 3

Expert Systems

The 1980s saw the rise of expert systems, which used rule-based
reasoning to solve specific problems.
Key Machine Learning Algorithms
Supervised Learning Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning

Models learn from labeled Models learn from unlabeled Models learn through trial and
data, where both inputs and data, discovering patterns and error, receiving rewards for
outputs are provided. structures without explicit desirable actions and penalties
guidance. for undesirable ones.
• Regression
• • Clustering • Q-learning
Classification
• Dimensionality Reduction • Deep Reinforcement Learning
Applications of Machine
Learning Across
Industries
Healthcare Finance

ML is used for disease Applications include fraud


diagnosis, drug discovery, detection, credit scoring,
personalized medicine, algorithmic trading, and
and patient care. risk management.

E-commerce Manufacturing

ML powers personalized Applications include


recommendations, predictive maintenance,
targeted advertising, and quality control, and supply
customer service chain optimization.
automation.
Data Preprocessing and Feature Engineering

Data Cleaning Feature Extraction Feature Selection

Removing inconsistencies, errors, Creating new features from Choosing the most relevant
and missing values to ensure existing ones to improve model features to enhance model
data quality. performance. efficiency and reduce overfitting.
Data Cleaning in
Machine Learning
Data cleaning is a crucial preprocessing step in machine
learning. It involves identifying and correcting errors,
inconsistencies, and missing values in the data.

Clean data ensures accurate model training, validation, and testing.


Model Training,
Validation, and Testing
Training The model learns from the
training data, adjusting its
parameters to minimize
errors.
Validation The model is evaluated on a
separate validation set to
assess its performance and
prevent overfitting.

Testing The model is tested on a


completely unseen dataset
to measure its
generalization ability and
real-world performance.
Evaluating Model Performance

Accuracy Precision

The proportion of correctly The proportion of correctly


classified instances. predicted positive instances
among all predicted positives.

Recall F1-Score

The proportion of correctly The harmonic mean of precision


predicted positive instances and recall, providing a balanced
among all actual positives. measure of performance.
The Future of Machine
Learning
ML continues to evolve rapidly, with new advancements and
innovations shaping its future.

1 Edge Computing 2 Explainable AI

ML models are being Efforts are underway to


deployed on edge make ML models more
devices for real-time transparent and
decision-making and understandable to
data processing. humans.

3 Federated Learning

ML models can be trained collaboratively across multiple


devices, preserving data privacy.
Edge Computing in
Machine Learning
Edge computing is revolutionizing machine learning by
bringing processing power closer to data sources.

This enables real-time decision-making, reduced latency,


and enhanced privacy.

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