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Q2 Week 5

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10 views25 pages

Q2 Week 5

Uploaded by

Arianne Kae Paz Llenaresas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIRCULAR

FUNCTIONS
Solve
situational
problems
involving
circular
functions.
Quarter 2, Week 5
January 4-6, 2023
OBJECTIVES
1. Recall the properties of different circular
functions
2. Apply the concepts of circular
functions in solving real-life
problems
INTRODUCTION

Circular functions can be used to model real world


applications like sound waves, radio waves, electric
currents, swinging of a pendulum, natural patterns
(tides and daylight), the electrocardiogram that records
the electric impulse produced by the beating of the
heart and other situations involving circles. Many of
these patterns are periodic and usually modeled by
either sine or cosine functions. These are also called
simple harmonic motions.
DEVELOPME
Equations of Simple Harmonic
NT
Motion
The displacement y (directed height or length)
of an object behaving in a simple harmonic
motion with respect to time t is given by one

• 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏 (𝑡 − 𝑐) + 𝑑 or
of the following equations:

• 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑏 (𝑡 − 𝑐) + 𝑑
DEVELOPME
NT
amplitude = |𝑎| = (𝑀 − 𝑚) - the maximum
 In each equation, we have the following information.
 a.
displacement above and below the rest position or
central position or equilibrium where M is the
maximum height and m is the minimum height
 b. period = - time required to complete one cycle (from
one highest or lowest point to the next)
 c. frequency = - the number of cycles per unit of time.
 d. c - responsible for the horizontal shift in time
 e. d - responsible for the vertical shift in displacement
Example 1
A weight is suspended from a spring and
is moving up and down in a simple harmonic
motion. At start, the weight is pulled down 5
cm below the resting position, and then
released. After 8 seconds, the weight reaches
its highest location for the first time. Find the
equation of the motion.
Solution:

the problem is 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥). Given that the


In the problem, the graph that best represents

weight is located at its lowest position at 𝑡 = 0;


that is, 𝑦 = −5 when 𝑡 = 0. Then, the equation
is 𝑦 = −5 cos 𝑏𝑡. Because it took the weight 8
seconds from the lowest point to its immediate
highest point, half the period is 8 seconds.
𝑦 = −5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 .
Therefore, the equation of the motion is
Example 2
Suppose you ride a Ferris wheel. The lowest
point of the wheel is 3 meters off the ground
and its diameter is 20 meters. After it started,
the Ferris wheel revolves at a constant speed
and it takes 32 seconds to bring you back again
to the riding point. Find your approximate
height above the ground after riding for 150
seconds.
Solution
Solution
• Ignore the fixed value of 3m off the ground
and assume that the central position passes
through the center of the wheel and is parallel
to the ground.
• We let t be the time (in seconds) elapsed that
you have been riding the Ferris wheel, and y is
the directed distance of your location with
respect to the assumed central position at time

• Because 𝑦 = −10 when 𝑡 = 0, the appropriate


t.
Solution
• Period = 32

• Substitute in 𝑦 = − 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑏𝑡
•

• Therefore 𝑦 = − 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠
• When 𝑡 = 150, then 𝑦 = − 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ≈ 3.83
• Since the riding point is 3 meters off the

3.83 + 3 = 6.83 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 off the ground.


ground after 150 secs, you are approximately
Example 3
A signal buoy in Laguna Bay bobs up
and down with the height h of its

modeled by ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑡 + 𝑑 at


transmitter (in feet) above sea level

time t (in seconds). During a small


squall, its height varies from 1 ft to 9 ft
above sea level, and it takes 3.5
seconds from one 9-ft height to the
next. Find the values of the constants
a, b, and d.
Solution
a. Solve for a.

b. Solve for b.

c. Solve for d.
Because the lowest point is 1 ft above the sea
level and the amplitude is 4, it follows that d = 5.
Example 4
A variable star is a star whose brightness as observed
from Earth. The magnitude of visual brightness of one
variable star ranges from 2.0 to 10.1, and it takes 332
days to observe one maximum brightness to the

can be modeled by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑎 sin𝑏(𝑡 − 𝑐)


next. Assuming that the visual brightness of the star

+ 𝑑,𝑡 in days, and putting 𝑡 = 0 at a time when the

constants 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, and 𝑑, where 𝑎, 𝑏 > 0 and 𝑐 the


star is at its maximum brightness, find the

least nonnegative number possible.


Solution

= 4.05
Solution

the highest point at 𝑡 = 0, the least possible


d. For the (ordinary) sine function to start at

horizontal movement to the right (positive


value) is units.
Engagement
Assessment

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