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3.2 Linked Lists Types

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30 views24 pages

3.2 Linked Lists Types

Uploaded by

Sana Khan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Structure and

Algorithm (IT-209)
Instructor: Abdullah Javed
([email protected])
Lecturer,
Govt. Postgraduate College, Jhelum

Lecture 3.2
Fall 2020
Agenda
• Linked List Variants
 Singly
 Doubly
 Circular
 Doubly Circular

2
Variations of Linked Lists
• The linked list that we studied so far is called singly
linked list
• Other types of linked lists exist, namely:
– Circular linked linked list
– Doubly linked list
– Circular doubly linked list

• Each type of linked list may be suitable for a


different kind of application
• They may also use a dummy head for simplifying
insertions and deletions
3
Singly Linked List
• Advantages
 Dynamic allocation
 Efficient Insertion and Deletion

• Disadvantages
 Each node maintain forward linkage only
 Overhead
 Insertion & deletion at end - Reach Predecessor
 Within sight
 But, out of reach
 Expensive operation
 Depends upon the length of the list

4
Doubly Linked List
• Each node maintain two pointer
 One pointing forward
 One pointing backward

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Doubly Linked List

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Doubly Linked Lists
pHead

a b c

Advantages:
• Convenient to traverse the list backwards.
• E.g. printing the contents of the list in backward order
Disadvantage:
• Increase in space requirements due to storing two pointers
instead of one

7
Doubly Linked List Operations
• Insert a node At the start of the list
 In the middle of the list
 At the end of the list

• Deletion a node At the start of the list


 In the middle of the list
 At the end of the list

• Traversal
 At the start of the list
 At the end of the list

• Searching
 Scan list contents

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Insert at Start

9
Insert at Start

10
Insert at Start

11
Insert at End

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Insert at End

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Insert at End

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Delete from Start

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Delete from Start

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Delete from End

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Delete from End

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Traversal
• Scan list
 Starting from the start of the list, moving one node forward
 Starting from the end of the list, moving one node backward

• Traversal from Start: Traversal from End:

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Searching

20
current
Home Task

• At the middle
 Insert an item
 Delete an item
newNode

oldNode

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Circular Linked Lists
• Last node references the first node
• Every node has a successor
• No node in a circular linked list contains NULL
• E.g. a turn-based game may use a circular linked list to switch
between players
• Application
 Fair distribution of resources among processes

• Usage
 Move current pointer ahead to activate next process

22
Circular Doubly Linked Lists
• Circular doubly linked list
– prev pointer of the dummy head node points to the last node
– next reference of the last node points to the dummy head node
– No special cases for insertions and deletions

(a) A circular doubly linked list with a dummy head node


(b) An empty list with a dummy head node
23
Arrays of Linked List
• Interesting structure that combines static with
dynamic structure
• Array of head pointers
• Application
 A job portal website maintain categories
and one member falls only in one category
 Where
 Each category – index of array
 Member within category – item of linked list

24

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