History and Generation

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 40

COMPUTER

HISTORY AND
GENERATION
WHERE DO YOU FIND
COMPUTER ?

SPORTS

TEACHING M
U
S
SURVEY POLLS I
C
A COMPUTER SYSTEM
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• As early as 9001 BC, effort were
made to preserve information

• Also effort were being made to take


measurements and do basic
calculations
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• A small Chinese abacus (suan pan)
200 BC
The ABACUS was the first calculating device that improved
about 5000 years ago by the Chinese educationists. Which is
divide into two, one is small and the other is big. It first
manual calculating device invented to count large numbers.
This device used for simple calculating like addition and
subtraction can feature by moving the beads according to
certain rules. This helps to teach counting to young children.
Its frame divides two parts, the upper part call heaven, and the
bottom part is called Earth.

ABACUS is a wooden frame consisting of rows of holding


horizontal wires and beads in those wires. These beads are in
the wires. ABACUS was used by Ancient Greeks and Romans
for calculations. And this design improves by the Chinese and
is called SUAN PAN. ABACUS is also called SOROBAN.
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Antikythera (200 BCE) used
for astronomical
calculations
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Antikythera (x-ray
view)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Antikythe
ra
Computer Evolution - A
Timeline View
• Quipu are knotted textile record-
keeping devices used by the Incans
(1400 CE to 1532)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Incan official with
quipu
- An early 17th
century chronicle by
a Quechua author
shows a
“Quipucamayac”
(Quipu maker)
holding a large,
complex quipu
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• In England, from
the 13th-19th
centuries, notched
(uneven) sticks
recorded financial
transactions
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• An English-style sector as
described by Edmund Gunter in
1623
• Idea of such devices started as
early as 1500
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• The earliest
European
mathemati
cal
instrument
s like sector
were used
by the
military
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Mechanical calculators like Napier’s
Bones (1617)was a popular and
portable calculation aid that reduced
multiplication and division to a series
of additions and subtractions
• It used a table-based calculation
method that probably originated in
India in the Middle Ages
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Napier’
s
Bones
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Schickard Calculator
(1623)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Pascal Adder (pascaline)
(1640)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Fuller’s Slide Rule (16th
Century)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Leibniz Stepped Reckoner calculator
– In 1673, Leibniz built the first true four-
function calculator
– His unique, drum-shaped gears
formed the basis of many
successful calculator designs for the
next 275 years
– an unbroken record for a single
underlying calculator mechanism
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Leibniz Stepped Reckoner calculator
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Joseph Marie Jacquard’s 1801 loom
invented
the Punched Card
• 1970s IBM introduced a 96-column
card with very tiny round holes
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
“Another age must be the judge” (Charles Babbage
1837)

• Charles Babbage is considered as “Father” of the


computer
• He invented computers but failed to build them
• The first complete Babbage Engine was
completed in London in 2002, 153 years after it
was designed and consists of 8,000 parts, weighs
five tons, and measures 11 feet long
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• Babbage Difference Engine
(1848)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
ENIAC

(1943 -
1945)

(Electronic
Numerical
Integrator
And
Computer)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View

• IBM's Harvard Mark 1 (1944)


• Automatic Sequence Controlled
Calculator
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View

• IBM's 650 (1955)


• Electro-mechanical punch card-
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• APPLE I
(1976)
• Fully
assembled
motherboard
(central
printed circuit
board)
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View

MACINTOSH
(1984)
• First successful
computer to
have a mouse
and graphical
user interface
Computer Evolution -
A Timeline View
• OSBORNE
EXECUTIVE
(1980s)
• First
successful
portable
computer
ENIAC BUILT AFTER 50
YEARS WITH TODAYS
IC TECHNOLOGY
The room-sized
computer could
now fit in the palm
of your hand
WHAT IS COMPUTER
Oxford dictionary
“A computer is an automatic
electronic apparatus for making
calculations or controlling operations
that are expressible in numerical or
logical terms”
WHAT IS COMPUTER
en.wikipedia.org
“A computer is a general purpose
device that can be programmed to
carry out a finite set of arithmetic or
logical operations.

Since a sequence of operations can


be readily changed, the computer
can solve more than one kind of
problem”
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
Mechanical

Electrical

Electronic
Generation of
Computer
Zero
Generation / Pre
Generation
Mechanical Calculators

• First Generation (1942-55)


 Vacuum Tube Computers
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
• Second
Generation(1955-
64)
 Transistor Computers

• Third Generation(1964-
75)
 Integrated Circuits
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER

• Fourth
Generation(1975-
89)
 Microprocessor

Fifth
Generation(1989 -
present)
ULSI and AI
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
• Fifth Generation is sometimes used to
refer multi-approach developments

such as: 
Nano Technology Natural Languages
 Voice Recognition  Sensor Network
 Artificial  Smart Computing
Intelligence  Cloud Computing
 Quantum  Ubiquitous
Computing Computing
 Bio Computing
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
Thank you

You might also like