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Chapter 2 Part 1

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16 views20 pages

Chapter 2 Part 1

Uploaded by

mesfin snow
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hydropower

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Hydraulic Structures

• Diversion Structures
Dam
Spillway • Water Conveyance System
Energy Dissipation Intake
Arrangement Cannels w h i c h w il l be
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Spillway

• Spillways are structures constructed to provide safe release of flood


waters from a dam to a downstream are, normally the river on
which the dam has been constructed.
• Every reservoir has a certain capacity to store water. If the reservoir
is full and flood waters enter the same, the reservoir level will go up
and may eventually result in over-topping of the dam.
• To avoid this situation, the flood has to be passed to the
downstream and this is done by providing a spillway which draws
water from the top of the reservoir. A spillway can be a part of the
dam or separate from it.
Typical spillway
TYPES OF SPILLWAYS :

• Depending upon the location of the site there are various types of
spillways which may be suitably provided under
prevailing(current) circumstances.
• Generally a spillway consists of a control structure, a conveyance
channel and a terminal structure
• The more common types are briefly described below:
1. Overflow spillway
2. side channel spillway
3. siphon spillway
4. chute or trough spillway, and
5. breaching spillway(emergency spillway)
Overflow spillways
• The overflow type of spillway is the most common and is usually the most economical for passing
large flows
• the over flowing water falls freely and almost vertically on the downstream side of the hydraulic
structure. This type of spillway is suitable for weirs or low dams.
Side channel spillways
• Side channel spillways are used mainly with embankment dams.
They are located just upstream and to the side of the dam.
The siphon spillway
• As the name indicates, this spillway works on the principle of a siphon. A hood
provided over a conventional spillway forms a conduit. With the rise in reservoir
level water starts flowing over the crest as in an "ogee" spillway.
• The siphon spillway is a closed conduit for discharging water over or through the
dam.
• This type of spillway can also provide automatic surface-level regulation.
• The entrance to a siphon spillway is usually submerged below the normal water
level, to prevent the entrance of air and reduce the potential for
clogging(obstruction) with debris or ice.
chute or trough spillway
• The chute spillways are simple in design and construction and are adaptable to
almost all foundation conditions.
• The chute spillways may have the following sections :

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1. the entrance channel
2. the control structure
3. the conveyance structure

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