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Light Class 7

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608 views45 pages

Light Class 7

Uploaded by

mishikagoel781
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What are the different objects you see around yourself?

How are you able to see all these objects around


you?

EYES
Will you still be able to observe all these things if I
switch off the light or block all sources of light? Why?

NO
BECAUSE THERE IS NO
LIGHT
So, what are the two basic requirements to see
objects around us?
How light enables us to see
objects around us?
LIGHT Light is a form of energy that
enables us to see objects
around us.
What are the different objects that emit light?

All these
objects that
emit
light of their
own
are called as
LUMINOUS
OBJECTS.
All these objects
that DO NOT emit
light of their own,
rather they are
visible due to
luminous objects
are called as
NON-LUMINOUS
OBJECTS.
The world as we know it is largely known
through senses, and the sense of sight is one
of the most important senses. It is only when
the light from an object enters our eyes that
LIGHT
we see it. The light might have been either
emitted by the object or reflected by it. Some
of the important terminologies related to light
are:

Light is the energy that enables us to see.


Light is emitted from a source such as the
Sun. The word usually refers to visible light,
which is visible to the human eye and is
responsible for the sense of sight.
How do we see Our eyes alone do not
objects? allow us to see. Light
from a source falls on an
object and then bounces
off onto our eyes and that
is how we perceive it.
PRE-REQUISITE QUESTIONS
How does light travel? If you stand up on a mountain you can see around
you for miles and miles, how are you able to do that?
Have you seen a lighthouse by the beach? The lights on a lighthouse rotate
around the lighthouse so that it is visible from all sides. Why can’t we see a
lighthouse if the light isn’t rotating?
ACTIVITY

PROCEDURE
• Place a candle on a table and light it.
• Place three cardboard sheets blocking your view of the candle.
• In these cardboard sheets make three pinholes at equal heights such that the flame of the candle is visible
through the cardboard sheets.
• Now view the flame through the holes, you’ll find it visible. Now move one of the cardboard sheets and try to
see the flame.

OBSERVATION
On moving the cardboard sheet, you will see that the flame is no longer visible. Now bring the sheets back in line.
The flame is visible again.

CONCLUSION- LIGHT TRAVELS IN A STRAIGHT LINE


The light is visible only when all the three pinholes are aligned proving the
RECTILINEAR PROPAGATION OF LIGHT.
From this experiment, we can deduce that light moves from place to place through
rectilinear propagation. Rectilinear is a fancy word for straight. Light travels from the
source in a straight line.
RECTILINEAR PROPOGATION OF LIGHT
REFLECTION
Bouncing back of light rays after hitting any
surface is called reflection of light.

k
bac
s
nce
o u
B
LAWS OF
REFLECTION
90° = NORMAL

MIRROR
LAW 1: NORMAL
∠i = ∠r
ANGLE OF ANGLE OF
INCIDENCE= REFLECTION=
∠i ∠r

INCIDENT RAY REFLECTED RAY

MIRROR
REFLECTION OF LIGHT

Reflection of light is referred to the change in the direction of light upon


striking a surface. This change in direction occurs whenever light hits a
surface, irrespective of the texture or the nature of the surface.
Laws of
reflectio
n
•The ray of light that strikes a reflecting surface is called the incident ray, and the ray that
gets reflected back is called the reflected ray.

•The imaginary line that is perpendicular to the reflecting surface is called the normal.

•The angle of incidence ∠i is the angle between the incident ray and the normal. The
angle of reflection ∠r is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal.

•Laws of Reflection:
1. Angle of incidence ∠i is always equal to the Angle of reflection ∠r (∠i=∠r).
2. The angle of incidence, the angle of reflection and the normal all lie on the same
plane.
So what is the difference between a mirror and a
wall?
In layman’s terms, reflection is dependent
on the smoothness of the reflecting
surface. For you to see your reflection, the
reflection of light has to occur uniformly.
For example, if you throw a ball at a rough
surface it will bounce in a random
direction. Similarly, the reflection of light
on a rough surface is also random which
does not lead to the formation of a clear
reflection. This is though you can see your
REGULAR VS DIFFUSED REFLECTION
Image formation in a plane
mirror
•The image formed by
a plane mirror is
always virtual, erect,
and the object and
image are equidistant
from the mirror.
•The image formed in
a plane mirror
undergoes lateral
inversion.
Lateral inversion
Dispersion
The splitting of light
into its component
colors is called
dispersion.
Example: Rainbow
A rainbow is a natural spectrum appearing
in the sky after a rain shower. It is caused
by dispersion of sunlight by tiny water
droplets, present in the atmosphere. A
rainbow is always formed in a direction
opposite to that of the Sun. The water
droplets act like small prisms. They refract
and disperse the incident sunlight, then
reflect it internally, and finally, refract it
again when it comes out of the raindrop.
Due to the dispersion of light and internal
reflection, different colors reach the
observer’s eye.

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