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Lesson-7.8-Body-Systems-How-They-Work Together

Grade 11 Second quarter

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17 views39 pages

Lesson-7.8-Body-Systems-How-They-Work Together

Grade 11 Second quarter

Uploaded by

gwynangelsaturgo07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lessson 7.

8 Body Systems: How They Work Together

Animal Survival
Objective

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to

• describe the relationship of organ systems in ensuring


animal survival.
How do the body systems work together?
Organ Systems and Their Main Functions
• Organ systems are the most complex organizations in the
human body. Each system has its specific function, but it
works with the other organ systems to ensure the
organism's survival.
• The 11 organ systems of the body are the respiratory,
circulatory, skeletal, muscular, digestive,
reproductive, integumentary, lymphatic, excretory,
endocrine, and nervous.
The respiratory system is responsible for supplying
the blood with oxygen.
The circulatory system distributes O2, hormones, and
nutrients to every part of the body.
The skeletal system provides the framework and
protection of body parts by encasing vital organs with
hard bones.
The muscular system helps the body move from one
position to another. It also helps circulate the blood
throughout
the body.
The digestive system converts food into usable
energy in the form of ATP.
The reproductive system enables the organism to
reproduce to ensure the survival of the species.
The integumentary system protects the body from
damage, such as abrasion and loss of water.
The lymphatic system transports lymph, which
contains infection-fighting white blood cells,
throughout the body.
The excretory system removes wastes and excess,
unnecessary materials from the body fluids to
maintain internal balance and prevent organ
damage.
The endocrine system produces hormones that
regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
The nervous system coordinates voluntary and
involuntary actions of the body. Together with the
endocrine system, it controls and regulates other
organ systems to maintain the equilibrium of the
body.
Relationships of Organ Systems

• Processing and Transport of Nutrients

• In humans, food is the main source of energy. It enters


the body through the digestive system which breaks it
down into nutrients. The muscular system helps moving
the food to different organs of the digestive system. For
example, muscles around the stomach contract and move
food to the small intestine.
• When the food is broken down into nutrients, these
nutrients are transported to different organs and tissues
through the circulatory system. Nutrients from the small
intestine enter the blood vessels and are then transported
by the blood throughout the body.
• Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen enters the body through the respiratory system.


This system, together with the circulatory system, delivers
oxygen to every cell in the body. As you inhale, the
oxygen goes directly into the lungs, specifically in the
alveoli where there are capillaries that serve as sites of
gas exchange. The capillaries connect to larger blood
vessels that transport oxygen to the rest of the body.
• Removal of Wastes

• Food is processed by the digestive system. After nutrients


are absorbed through digestion, the excretory system
removes waste products in the form of urine and feces.
• The organs of the excretory system are also parts of other
organ systems. For example, skin is part of the
integumentary system. It is also part of the excretory
system because it removes liquid waste in the form of
sweat. Similarly, the lungs are part of the respiratory
system. They remove carbon dioxide from the body, so
they are also part of the excretory system.
• Maintenance of Homeostasis

• The nervous system serves as the control center for


maintaining homeostasis in the body. Homeostasis is the
property of a system in which an internal factor (e.g. body
temperature) is regulated to maintain a stable condition
despite changes in external conditions. If there are
disruptions of the internal factor, the nervous system
sends out signals to other systems to correct the
disruption.
• For instance, it sends signals to the endocrine system
which secretes hormones to regulate body functions.
These hormones are delivered to the target organs
through the circulatory system.
Tip

• The failure of any of the organ systems may lead to the


malfunction of other systems and death of the organism.
Explore!

• The nervous and muscular systems work together. When


a nerve impulse reaches the muscle fibers, it stimulates a
reaction that results in the contraction of each muscle cell.
• What happens when the muscular system malfunctions?
Would it affect the nervous system?
• How about when the nervous system malfunctions?
Would it affect the muscular system?
What do you think?

• Does the failure of the reproductive system cause a major


effect on other organ systems?
Key Points

• Different organ systems work together to maintain survival


of the organism.
• The 11 organ systems of the body are the respiratory,
circulatory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, reproductive,
integumentary, lymphatic, excretory, endocrine, and
nervous.
Test Questions

1. Which of the following helps regulate other organ


systems by releasing hormones?

A. integumentary system
B. circulatory system
C. endocrine system
D. urinary system
2. Which of the following organ systems coordinates
voluntary and involuntary actions of the body?

A. muscular system
B. circulatory system
C. endocrine system
D. nervous system
3. Which of the following organ systems removes wastes
and excess materials from the body?

A. integumentary system
B. excretory system
C. muscular system
D. skeletal system
4. Which of the following statements describes the
relationship between the respiratory system and circulatory
system?
A. The respiratory system, together with the circulatory
system, delivers oxygen to every cell in the body.
B. The respiratory system, together with the circulatory
system, delivers carbon dioxide to every cell in the body.
C. The respiratory system sends out its waste products
through the circulatory system.
D. The respiratory system provides the nutrients distributed
by the circulatory system.
5. Which of the following is the major function of the
digestive system?

A. move nutrients throughout the body


B. take in oxygen and exhale waste materials like CO2
C. break down foods into nutrients that can be used by the
body
D. filter toxins and excess water out of the cells
6. Which of the following organs is involved in both
excretory and respiratory systems?

A. kidney
B. lung
C. small intestine
D. heart
7. Which two organ systems work together to transport
nutrients from the food to other parts of the body?

A. digestive and circulatory systems


B. circulatory and respiratory systems
C. digestive and respiratory systems
D. digestive and nervous systems
8. Which of the following is a direct interaction of the
skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems?

A. healing of wounds
B. increased production of hormones
C. feeling sleepy after eating meals
D. voluntary movements of the arms
9. How do circulatory and excretory systems work together
to excrete waste materials?
A. Blood from the circulatory system collects waste
materials from other body parts and delivers them to the
excretory system for excretion.
B. The excretory system provides the waste materials to the
circulatory system which transports them to different parts
of the body.
C. The excretory system helps the circulatory by excreting
blood through urethra.
D. Waste is filtered by the heart which pumps it into to the
excretory system for excretion.
Muscle contraction is one of the evidence of the relationship
between the nervous and muscular systems.
10. Which of the following describes their functional
relationship?
A. The nervous system releases nutrients that control the
muscles.
B. The nervous system sends out nerve impulses that
stimulate a reaction in muscle cells.
C. The muscles send messages to the nervous system to
allow them to move.
D. The muscular system moves independently bypassing
the nervous system.

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