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WDD Lec 18

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Sheryer Ali
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7 views21 pages

WDD Lec 18

Uploaded by

Sheryer Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web Design & Development

Lecture 18
Java Graphics
Graphics
• Window is like a painter’s canvas
• App must paint its window contents
• Java components paint themselves
• Anything else: Programmer

• When to paint?
• How to paint?
JButton
MyApp
Open WinExp, Notepad
Close WinExplorer

Repaint event sent to: MyApp, Desktop


Desktop gets repaint event
MyApp gets repaint event

MyApp JPanel gets repaint event


MyApp gets repaint event

MyApp JPanel forwards repaint event to JButton


Painting a Swing Component
• Three methods are at the heart of painting a
swing component
– paintComponent()
– paintBorder()
– paintChildren()
The Swing Painting Methods
• It's one of three methods, that objects of type
JComponent use to paint themselves. The three methods
are invoked in this order:

– paintComponent — The main method for painting. By default,


it first paints the background. Then it performs any custom
painting.

– paintBorder — Tells the component's border (if any) to paint.


Do not invoke or override this method.

– paintChildren — Tells any components contained by this


component to paint themselves. Do not invoke or override this
method
The following figure illustrates the order in which each component
that inherits from JComponent paints itself.
Steps 1 and 2 — painting the background and performing
custom painting — are performed by the paintComponent method.
Step 3 is performed by paintBorder,
and step 4 is performed by paintChildren
• An Example of Painting
• To illustrate painting, we'll use the
swingApplication program. Here is its GUI:
Your Painting Strategy
• Steps
– Subclass JPanel
• class MyPanel extends JPanel

– Override the paintComponent(Graphics g) method


• Inside method using graphics object Do whatever drawing
you want to do

– Install that JPanel inside a JFrame


• When frame becomes visible through the paintChildren()
method your panel become visible
• To become visible your panel will call paintComponent()
method which will do your custom drawing
Example Code: MyPan1.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class MyPan1 extends JPanel {


public void paintComponent(Graphics g){

super.paintComponent(g); // erasing behaviour

Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;

g2.drawRect(20,20,20,20);
g2.setColor(Color.blue);

g2.fillOval(50,50,20,20);

g2.drawString("Hello World", 120, 50);

}
}
Example Code: Test1.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Test1{
JFrame f;
MyPan1 p;
public Test1(){
f = new JFrame();
Container c = f.getContentPane();
c.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
p = new MyPan1();
c.add(p);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setVisible(true);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
} // end constructor
Example Code: Test1.java
public static void main(String args[ ]){
Test1 t = new Test1();
}

} // end class
Output
Graphics Primitives
Draw Fill
• Point (x,y)
• Line (pt1,pt2)
• PolyLine (pt list)
• Arc
• Oval (pt, w,h)
• Rectangle (pt, w,h)
• RoundRectangle

• Polygon (pt list)


• Image (file, x,y)
• Text (string, x,y) label
Graphics Attributes
• Color
• Font
• Stroke attributes:
– Line width, dash, end caps, joins, miter
• Paint attributes:
– Color, gradient, texture
• Composite:
– Blending
• Transforms:
– Translate, rotate, flip, shear, scale
Color
• Combinations of Red, Green, Blue
• Each [0, 255]

• Java: new Color(255, 150, 0)

Hokie Orange

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