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Coordinate Geometry

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21 views32 pages

Coordinate Geometry

Uploaded by

shaq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cartesian Plane

 What is the Cartesian plane?


 A Cartesian plane is a graph with two axes, one is called the x-axis and the
other one is the y-axis. These two axes are perpendicular to each other.
The origin (O) is in the exact center of the graph intersecting point of the
two axes. Numbers to the right of the zero on the x-axis are positive and
the numbers to the left of zero are negative. For the y-axis, numbers below
zero are negative and numbers above are positive

 Perpendicular- forms a 90 degree angle


Cartesian Plane cont’d
What are the coordinates /ordered pairs
for the points A,B,C,D and E?
Linear Equation of a line or Straight line
graph
 A linear equation is an equation for a straight line; that describes a
connection between two variables. Usually, x and y

 Slope/gradient is always the coefficient of x


Practice

Gradient of a line
 The Gradient (also called Slope) of a straight line shows how steep
(how vertical) a straight line is.

 To calculate the gradient of a line we do the following:

 1. Choose two ordered pair/ coordinates from our graph.


 2. Use the formula
Finding the gradient of horizontal and
vertical lines
 The gradient of a horizontal line is always zero.
 Why is this so?
Gradient of horizontal line cont’d
 Proof of why the gradient is always zero:
Finding the gradient of horizontal and
vertical lines cont’d
 The gradient of a vertical line is undefined.
 Why is this so?
Gradient of horizontal line cont’d
 Proof of why the gradient is always undefined:
X and Y intercept of a Line
Finding the X and Y intercepts
Find the x and the y intercepts of the
lines:
 Determine:
 1. The x and y intercept for each of the lines below.
 2. The gradient for each line.

4y=3x-2
Y=7x+3
8y=3x-9
Plotting Linear Graphs
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOYNPDvhiNc&t=110s
Practice
 Plot the graph for the following equations below
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution cont’d
Solution
Solution
Using graphs to find the slope intercept form of a line
(y=mx+b)
Using coordinates of points to find the slope
intercept form of a line (y=mx+b)
 When given coordinates of a line we:

 1. use the formula m=rise/run to calculate the gradient

 2. Use the point slope form of a line to calculate the required


equation of the line.
Practice
Practice

 Find the equation of the line in the form y=mx+b given the
coordinates/ordered pairs below:

 1. (3,2) , (0,-2)
 2. (2,5) , (1,3) , (-1,-1)
 3. (-6,0) , (-3,1) , (3,3) , (6,4)
Using gradient and coordinates of points to find
the slope intercept form of a line (y=mx+b)
 Find the equation of the line in the form y=mx+b given the
coordinates/ordered pairs below:
 1. m= 4/3 and the points are(3,2) , (0,-2)
 2. m= 2 and the points are (2,5) , (1,3) , (-1,-1)
 3. m = 1/3 and the points are (-6,0) , (-3,1) , (3,3) , (6,4)
Calculating the midpoint of a line
Practice for Midpoint of a line
 1. Given that the ordered pair of values from a line are (2,3) and (5,12),
find the gradient of the line.
Using the distance formula to calculate the
distance between two points
 When given points on a graph, to calculate the distance between
any two points we use the formula:
Practice
Practice cont’d
 Find the distance between the points:

 1. A and B
 2. B and E
 3. C and A
 4. B and D
 5. A and E
Identifying parallel lines and
Perpendicular lines
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfuJhyruJ6I

 Two lines are parallel if they have the same gradient.

 Two lines are perpendicular if the product of both gradients gives


us negative one (m1 * m2 = -1)

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