Graphics Creation

Graphics images are an imported medium of communication.

We are surrounded by magazines, leaflets,

advertising, logos and online.(a dramatic movie poster design in photoshop)
Some graphics software include
• Photoshop (photo editing s/w)
• Gimp
• Krita
• Inkscape
• Picasa
• Canva
• CorelDRAW
• Adobe Lightroom
 Raster graphics vs Vector
graphics
• If u expand picture bitmap image will be blurred but vector image will
be same
 Vector images

An image can create a mood or communication, excitement, sadness,

reflection.
Basics
 Node: An editable point on a line or vector which can be selected, transformed and
moved.

 Meta-graphics: images containing a combination of bitmap and vector data.

 Tracing: Conversion of a bitmap graphic into a vector graphic.

 Rasterization: Conversion of a vector graphic to a bitmap graphic (at the native

resolution of the display device) so that the vector can be viewed on a display.

 Pixel: Single unit / picture element of a bitmap graphic – a single coloured dot. Short for
‘picture element’.

 Pixilation: When a bitmap image is enlarged so much that you can start to make out the
individual pixels from which it is made. Edges and details lose their sharpness and the
whole image can appear blurry or blocky.

 Resolution: The amount of detail in an image, which is dependent on how many pixels it
contains. Measured in Megapixels, dpi, ppi, or pixel dimensions.
 Resolution independent: Graphics which are redrawn, when moved or scaled, at the
native resolution of the display or output device (this applies to vector graphics).

 Compression: The re-encoding of data into a format which uses fewer bits of
information than the original. This can speed up loading and transferring the file, and
reduce the amount of memory it takes up on your computer.

 Lossless compression: Compression of a bitmap graphic which removes repeating

patterns of data, but allows the original data to be exactly reconstructed from the
compressed data.

 Lossy compression: Compression of a bitmap graphic which uses approximations to

remove and discard data within a graphic that is unlikely to be noticed.

 Run length encoding: A data compression algorithm, that is supported by most bitmap
file formats, which reduces the physical size of a file by encoding a run of repeating
characters in the file into two bytes. The first byte is the run length - the number of
repeating characters. The second byte is the repeating character or value.
 Vectors Bitmaps

Scalable Photo-realistic

Complex data so can delay loading of site Can be compressed so loads faster.

Might pixelate if zoomed

Question from Past paper:
10 A digital camera captures bitmap images. These images can be converted into
editable vector shapes.
(a) Describe how a bitmap image is converted into editable vector shapes. [2]
Question: Vector images can be used on web pages. Discuss the advantages
and disadvantages of using a vector image with editable shapes instead of a bitmap image. [6]
Adobe Animate is a creative app for 2D digital animation.
all of the usual stuff here—a timeline, frames and keyframes, a staging area, and a
library of assets.
Those who have never really dabbled in animation may assume that Adobe
Animate is a totally new app in the Creative Suite. These individuals would be
mistaken; the app was alive and well, but it actually went by a different name until
2016. Does the word "Flash" ring any bells?

The program formerly known as Flash has endured many changes over the years.
For those who were too young to remember, Macromedia was a media-tech
company known for acquiring and developing different tools under its own name.
Adobe absorbed them like an amoeba in 2005 for a cool $3.4 billion.
Adobe Animate supports animation of pretty much every possible
form—tween animation, traditional 2D paperless animation, and interactive
animations for websites, games, and other presentations.
2D Paperless Animation

To create animations with Adobe Animate just like you can on paper.
That is, if you're able to draw each frame by hand using bitmap layers,
just like the pros did way back in the day on real paper.
Animation
Moving image
Vector graphics
• Sketchpad - Draw, Create, Share!

• Maya studio in Ramoji Film city, Hyderabad (Ramoji FC)

• The Grafiosi
• A New Delhi, India based award-winning multidisciplinary studio of art & design, specializing in
identity creation and evolution. thegrafiosi.com ...
Types of images
• Vector images-Vector images created using geometrical symbols.
Bitmap images

• Is made up of small squares called pixels.

• Each pixel can have 1 color.
The use and impact of image editing
on society
• Tools can be used to edit the images to both improve the image and
make the image look worse.
• Example :magazines, photos may be edited(air brushed) to make
people appear thinner or to remove blemishes (wrinkels, spots)
 Common Graphics skills

• Layers-contains part of an image, or an effect, that can be built up on

top of each other to create the final image.
By using layers, you can move or edit elements of an image
independently without affecting other elements of the image.
Image that each layer is an individual piece of paper and you can move
them above and below each other.
Transform tools
• Used to change size, rotation, distortion and skew of an item
• Example: Lasso, magic wand, rectangle select tool
Scale/resize
• Lets u change the size of an object to make it larger or smaller.
• Move: move tool from toolbar
• Flip: this lets you create mirror image of shape either horizontally or
vertically.
• Snear/Skew: select rectangle skew (similar wrap)
• Rotate:
• Grouping or merging: join several images together
• Flatten: merge all layers into one single layer
• Grid:
• Guidelines
• Snapping
• Crop tools
Photoshop Layers Learning Guide (photoshopessential
s.com)

• File formats: bitmap, png, Gif

• Opacity
• Bezier curves:
smooth curves made of paths
that can be scaled indefinitely
The use and impact of image editing
on society
• The example of meme(each image have their positive and negative
impact on society).
• Image editing in politics
• Image editing in entertainment industry
• Image editing is used to create posters, signs, CD and DVD covers
Features of photoshop
1. Design and editing graphic.
2. Simple and easy to use.
3. Fast and quick operations.
4. Add and correct colors.
5. Blur Backgrounds, add images.
6. Various different advanced editing tools.
7. Popular and widely used.
8. Create logos, Web UI Designs and more.
• Goto->background-> Right click->Duplicate layer
• Goto->Image menu->Auto color
• 4 files opened (all files opened)
• then windows menu->Arrangeconsolidate to All tabs
 key characteristics of bitmap
graphics.
• Bitmap graphics are resolution dependent - they have a fixed resolution based
on the number of pixels they consist of.
• Bitmap graphics handle complex, multi-coloured images well - This is why
they're typically used for digital photography and other detailed graphics.
• Bitmap graphics can become pixelated when enlarged - Increasing the size of
a bitmap graphic can often result in a loss of quality.
• Bitmap graphics have larger file sizes - Compared to vector graphics, bitmap
graphics tend to have larger file sizes as they store individual colours for each
pixel.
• Images come in a variety of file types like JPEG, GIF, TIFF, and PNG. These are
all forms of bitmap graphics. Each of these file types has characteristics that
make them more suitable for some purposes than others.
• A JPEG file type, for instance, utilizes a lossy compression algorithm that is
great for storing full-colour photos and graphics with a relatively small file size.
Past paper
• 13(a) Describe bit streaming
• (b) Describe the differences between real-time bit streaming and on
demand bit streaming.
• https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/pixar/animate/ball/a/start
-here-animation
• https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/pixar/animate/ball/v/
animation3
• 1. Straight ahead animation (video) | Khan Academy
 Computer become the tool of everybody. It demands performance rather than qualification.

• Computer is a machine.
• Know the language to communicate with machine.
PAST PAPER
• 11. It is sometimes possible for people to gain unauthorized access to
computer rooms. A school has a computer room with a number of
standalone computers.
• Evaluate by weighing up the advantages and disadvantages,methods
for protecting data stored on these computers
Animation
• Feature summary | Photoshop desktop (September 2023 release) (ad
obe.com)
• Experience the future of Photoshop with Generative Fill (adobe.com)
Past paper

1.Digital images can be compressed.

(a) Explain why it is sometimes necessary to compress digital images.................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Explain how lossy compression can affect computer images. ............................................................................................................[6]
3. A technician is carrying out corrective maintenance on a computer
system.
(a) Explain what is meant by corrective
maintenance. ................... ........................................................................
..... [2]
(b) Describe the steps that the technician should take when carrying
out the maintenance. ..............................................................................
[3]
• 5 Frame Relay is used in networks.
• (a) Explain why Frame Relay is
used........................................................................................................
.......................................................................................... [6]
• (b) Explain the drawbacks of using Frame
Relay. ......................................................................................................
....................[3]
6 A manufacturing company uses outdated hardware and software
which need to be replaced with new hardware and software. Discuss
the benefits and drawbacks of using parallel running to change over
from the old hardware and software to the new hardware and
software. ........................................................................................... .......
...............[6]