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    123Sc1 Resting and Action Potential

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    123Sc1 Resting and Action Potential

    Uploaded by

    lexixashanti
    4 views22 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views22 pages

    123Sc1 Resting and Action Potential

    Uploaded by

    lexixashanti

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Starter: Answer the exam questions.

    Use your notes from previous lessons


    2.
    1.
    Pass – Label a diagram of a neuron.

    Merit – Describe the difference between non-myelinated and myelinated neurones

    Distinction-Explain the conduction of a nerve impulse (action potential) along an axon,


    including changes in membrane permeability to sodium and potassium ions and the role
    of the myelination in saltatory conduction
    Resting and Action
    Potential

    1. What is an ‘Action potential’?


    2. What does a myelin sheath do?
    3. Which ion channels are activated?
    4. Why is a neuron able to create an action potential?
    5. What two ions are involved in the action potential?
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Resting potential
    At rest the neuron is transporting Na+ and K+ ions across its
    membrane. The inside of the neuron is more negatively charged
    compared to the outside.
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Resting potential
    The membrane is, more permeable to potassium (K+) ions than
    sodium (Na+). For every three sodium ions actively transported
    across the membrane, only 2 potassium ions are actively
    transported. This process requires ATP (Energy).
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Resting potential
    The membrane is, more permeable to potassium (K+) ions than
    sodium (Na+). For every three sodium ions actively transported
    across the membrane, only 2 potassium ions are actively
    transported. This process requires ATP (Energy).
    Resting potential
    The resting potential is -70 mV
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Depolarisation
    When there is a nerve impulse, sodium ion channels in the cell
    membrane open. This makes the membrane more permeable to
    sodium ions.
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Depolarisation
    There are more sodium ions outside of the cell.
    Na+ floods into the cytoplasm down the concentration gradient.
    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Action potential
    The inside of the neuron is now more positive than the outside.

    The potential difference is +40 mV


    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Repolarisation
    The sodium ion channels close.

    The potassium ion channels open and let potassium ions out of the
    cell.

    This makes the inside of the cell more negative again.


    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Hyperpolarisation
    Potassium ion channels close more slowly than sodium ions.

    Excess potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron.

    This leads to the potential difference to be greater than -70 mV


    Inside
    the cell

    Outside
    the cell

    Resting potential
    Some of the potassium ions diffuse back in through leaky ion
    channels and restores the resting potential.
    Nerve transmission
    A wave of depolarisation continues down the axon carrying the
    nerve impulse.
    Name:___________
    Turn to page 73 of the workbook

    Mark out of 8 =

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